Cone snail peptides

ABSTRACT

The present invention is directed to conotoxin peptides, derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The present invention is further directed to the use of this peptide, derivatives thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for the treatment of disorders associated with voltage-gated ion channels, voltage-gated ligand channels and/or receptors. The invention is further directed to nucleic acid sequences encoding the conotoxin peptides and encoding propeptides, as well as the propeptides.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/072,602 filed 11 Feb. 2002. Ser. No. 10/072,602 is related to and claims priority under 35 USC §119(e) to U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/267,408 filed 9 Feb. 2001. Each of these applications is incorporated herein by reference.

This invention was made with Government support under Grant No. PO1 GM48677 awarded by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. The United States Government has certain rights in the invention.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to conotoxin peptides, derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The present invention is further directed to the use of this peptide, derivatives thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for the treatment of disorders associated with voltage-gated ion channels, ligand-gated ion channels and/or receptors. The invention is further directed to nucleic acid sequences encoding the conotoxin peptides and encoding propeptides, as well as the propeptides.

The publications and other materials used herein to illuminate the background of the invention, and in particular, cases to provide additional details respecting the practice, are incorporated by reference, and for convenience are referenced in the following text by author and date and are listed alphabetically by author in the appended bibliography.

Conus is a genus of predatory marine gastropods (snails) which envenomate their prey. Venomous cone snails use a highly developed projectile apparatus to deliver their cocktail of toxic conotoxins into their prey. In fish-eating species such as Conus magus the cone detects the presence of the fish using chemosensors in its siphon and when close enough extends its proboscis and fires a hollow harpoon-like tooth containing venom into the fish. This immobilizes the fish and enables the cone snail to wind it into its mouth via an attached filament. For general information on Conus and their venom see the website address http:// grimwade.biochem.unimelb.edu.au/cone/referenc.html. Prey capture is accomplished through a sophisticated arsenal of peptides which target specific ion channel and receptor subtypes. Each Conus species venom appears to contain a unique set of 50-200 peptides. The composition of the venom differs greatly between species and between individual snails within each species, each optimally evolved to paralyse it's prey. The active components of the venom are small peptides toxins, typically 12-30 amino acid residues in length and are typically highly constrained peptides due to their high density of disulphide bonds.

The venoms consist of a large number of different peptide components that when separated exhibit a range of biological activities: when injected into mice they elicit a range of physiological responses from shaking to depression. The paralytic components of the venom that have been the focus of recent investigation are the α-, ω- and μ-conotoxins. All of these conotoxins act by preventing neuronal communication, but each targets a different aspect of the process to achieve this. The α-conotoxins target nicotinic ligand gated channels, the μ-conotoxins target the voltage-gated sodium channels and the ω-conotoxins target the voltage-gated calcium channels (Olivera et al., 1985; Olivera et al., 1990). For example a linkage has been established between α-, αA- & φ-conotoxins and the nicotinic ligand-gated ion channel; ω-conotoxins and the voltage-gated calcium channel; μ-conotoxins and the voltage-gated sodium channel; δ-conotoxins and the voltage-gated sodium channel; κ-conotoxins and the voltage-gated potassium channel; conantokins and the ligand-gated glutamate (NMDA) channel.

However, the structure and function of only a small minority of these peptides have been determined to date. For peptides where function has been determined, three classes of targets have been elucidated: voltage-gated ion channels; ligand-gated ion channels, and G-protein-linked receptors.

Conus peptides which target voltage-gated ion channels include those that delay the inactivation of sodium channels, as well as blockers specific for sodium channels, calcium channels and potassium channels. Peptides that target ligand-gated ion channels include antagonists of NMDA and serotonin receptors, as well as competitive and noncompetitive nicotinic receptor antagonists. Peptides which act on G-protein receptors include neurotensin and vasopressin receptor agonists. The unprecedented pharmaceutical selectivity of conotoxins is at least in part defined by a specific disulfide bond frameworks combined with hypervariable amino acids within disulfide loops (for a review see McIntosh et al., 1998).

There are drugs used in the treatment of pain, which are known in the literature and to the skilled artisan. See, for example, Merck Manual, 16th Ed. (1992). However, there is a demand for more active analgesic agents with diminished side effects and toxicity and which are non-addictive. The ideal analgesic would reduce the awareness of pain, produce analgesia over a wide range of pain types, act satisfactorily whether given orally or parenterally, produce minimal or no side effects, be free from tendency to produce tolerance and drug dependence.

Due to the high potency and exquisite selectivity of the conopeptides, several are in various stages of clinical development for treatment of human disorders. For example, two Conus peptides are being developed for the treatment of pain. The most advanced is ω-conotoxin MVIIA (ziconotide), an N-type calcium channel blocker (see Heading, C., 1999; U.S. Pat. No. 5,859,186). ω-Conotoxin MVIIA, isolated from Conus magus, is approximately 1000 times more potent than morphine, yet does not produce the tolerance or addictive properties of opiates. ω-Conotoxin MVIIA has completed Phase III (final stages) of human clinical trials and has been approved as a therapeutic agent. ω-Conotoxin MVIIA is introduced into human patients by means of an implantable, programmable pump with a catheter threaded into the intrathecal space. Preclinical testing for use in post-surgical pain is being carried out on another Conus peptide, contulakin-G, isolated from Conus geographus (Craig et al. 1999). Contulakin-G is a 16 amino acid O-linked glycopeptide whose C-terminus resembles neurotensin. It is an agonist of neurotensin receptors, but appears significantly more potent than neurotensin in inhibiting pain in in vivo assays.

In view of a large number of biologically active substances in Conus species it is desirable to further characterize them and to identify peptides capable of treating disorders voltage-gated ion channels, ligand-gated ion channels and/or receptors. Surprisingly, and in accordance with this invention, Applicants have discovered novel conotoxins that can be useful for the treatment of disorders involving voltage-gated ion channels, ligand-gated ion channels and/or receptors and could address a long felt need for a safe and effective treatment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to conotoxin peptides, derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The present invention is further directed to the use of this peptide, derivatives thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for the treatment of disorders associated with voltage-gated ion channels, ligand-gated ion channels and/or receptors. The invention is further directed to nucleic acid sequences encoding the conotoxin peptides and encoding propeptides, as well as the propeptides.

More specifically, the present invention is directed to conotoxin peptides, having the amino acid sequences set forth in Tables 1-14 below.

The present invention is also directed to derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the conotoxin peptides or the derivatives. Examples of derivatives include peptides in which the Arg residues may be substituted by Lys, ornithine, homoargine, nor-Lys, N-methyl-Lys, N,N-dimethyl-Lys, N,N,N-trimethyl-Lys or any synthetic basic amino acid; the Lys residues may be substituted by Arg, ornithine, homoargine, nor-Lys, or any synthetic basic amino acid; the Tyr residues may be substituted with meta-Tyr, ortho-Tyr, nor-Tyr, mono-halo-Tyr, di-halo-Tyr, O-sulpho-Tyr, O-phospho-Tyr, nitro-Tyr or any synthetic hydroxy containing amino acid; the Ser residues may be substituted with Thr or any synthetic hydroxylated amino acid; the Thr residues may be substituted with Ser or any synthetic hydroxylated amino acid; the Phe residues may be substituted with any synthetic aromatic amino acid; the Trp residues may be substituted with Trp (D), neo-Trp, halo-Trp (D or L) or any aromatic synthetic amino acid; and the Asn, Ser, Thr or Hyp residues may be glycosylated. The halogen may be iodo, chloro, fluoro or bromo; preferably iodo for halogen substituted-Tyr and bromo for halogen-substituted Trp. The Tyr residues may also be substituted with the 3-hydroxyl or 2-hydroxyl isomers (meta-Tyr or ortho-Tyr, respectively) and corresponding O-sulpho- and O-phospho-derivatives. The acidic amino acid residues may be substituted with any synthetic acidic amino acid, e.g., tetrazolyl derivatives of Gly and Ala. The aliphatic amino acids may be substituted by synthetic derivatives bearing non-natural aliphatic branched or linear side chains C_(n)H_(2n+2) up to and including n=8. The Leu residues may be substituted with Leu (D). The Glu residues may be substituted with Gla. The Gla residues may be substituted with Glu. The N-terminal Gln residues may be substituted with pyroGlu. The Met residues may be substituted with norleucine (Nle). The Cys residues may be in D or L configuration and may optionally be substituted with homocysteine (D or L).

Examples of synthetic aromatic amino acid include, but are not limited to, nitro-Phe, 4-substituted-Phe wherein the substituent is C₁-C₃ alkcyl, carboxyl, hyrdroxymethyl, sulphomethyl, halo, phenyl, —CHO, —CN, —SO₃H and —NHAc. Examples of synthetic hydroxy containing amino acid, include, but are not limited to, such as 4-hydroxymethyl-Phe, 4-hydroxyphenyl-Gly, 2,6-dimethyl-Tyr and 5-amino-Tyr. Examples of synthetic basic amino acids include, but are not limited to, N-1-(2-pyrazolinyl)-Arg, 2-(4-piperinyl)-Gly, 2-(4-piperinyl)-Ala, 2-[3-(2S)pyrrolininyl)]-Gly and 2-[3-(2S)pyrrolininyl)]-Ala. These and other synthetic basic amino acids, synthetic hydroxy containing amino acids or synthetic aromatic amino acids are described in Building Block Index, Version 3.0 (1999 Catalog, pages 4-47 for hydroxy containing amino acids and aromatic amino acids and pages 66-87 for basic amino acids; see also http://www.amino-acids.com), incorporated herein by reference, by and available from RSP Amino Acid Analogues, Inc., Worcester, Mas. The residues containing protecting groups are deprotected using conventional techniques. Examples of synthetic acid amino acids include those derivatives bearing acidic functionality, including carboxyl, phosphate, sulfonate and synthetic tetrazolyl derivatives such as described by Ornstein et al. (1993) and in U.S. Pat. No. 5,331,001, each incorporated herein by reference, and such as shown in the following schemes 1-3.

Optionally, in the conotoxin peptides of the present invention, the Asn residues may be modified to contain an N-glycan and the Ser, Thr and Hyp residues may be modified to contain an O-glycan (e.g., g-N, g-S, g-T and g-Hyp). In accordance with the present invention, a glycan shall mean any N-, S- or O-linked mono-, di-, tri-, poly- or oligosaccharide that can be attached to any hydroxy, amino or thiol group of natural or modified amino acids by synthetic or enzymatic methodologies known in the art. The monosaccharides making up the glycan can include D-allose, D-altrose, D-glucose, D-mannose, D-gulose, D-idose, D-galactose, D-talose, D-galactosamine, D-glucosamine, D-N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc), D-N-acetyl-galactosamine (GalNAc), D-fucose or D-arabinose. These saccharides may be structurally modified, e.g., with one or more O-sulfate, O-phosphate, O-acetyl or acidic groups, such as sialic acid, including combinations thereof. The gylcan may also include similar polyhydroxy groups, such as D-penicillamine 2,5 and halogenated derivatives thereof or polypropylene glycol derivatives. The glycosidic linkage is beta and 1-4 or 1-3, preferably 1-3. The linkage between the glycan and the amino acid may be alpha or beta, preferably alpha and is 1-.

Core O-glycans have been described by Van de Steen et al. (1998), incorporated herein by reference. Mucin type O-linked oligosaccharides are attached to Ser or Thr (or other hydroxylated residues of the present peptides) by a GalNAc residue. The monosaccharide building blocks and the linkage attached to this first GalNAc residue define the “core glycans,” of which eight have been identified. The type of glycosidic linkage (orientation and connectivities) are defined for each core glycan. Suitable glycans and glycan analogs are described further in U.S. Ser. No. 09/420,797 filed 19 Oct. 1999 and in PCT Application No. PCT/US99/24380 filed 19 Oct. 1999 (PCT Published Application No. WO 00/23092), each incorporated herein by reference. A preferred glycan is Gal(β1→3)GalNAc(α1).

Optionally, in the conotoxin peptides described above, pairs of Cys residues may be replaced pairwise with isoteric lactam or ester-thioether replacements, such as Ser/(Glu or Asp), Lys/(Glu or Asp), Cys/(Glu or Asp) or Cys/Ala combinations. Sequential coupling by known methods (Barnay et al., 2000; Hruby et al., 1994; Bitan et al., 1997) allows replacement of native Cys bridges with lactam bridges. Thioether analogs may be readily synthesized using halo-Ala residues commercially available from RSP Amino Acid Analogues. In addition, individual Cys residues may be replaced with homoCys, seleno-Cys or penicillamine, so that disulfide bridges may be formed between Cys-homoCys or Cys-penicillamine, or homocys-penicllamine and the like.

The present invention is further directed to derivatives of the above peptides and peptide derivatives which are acylic permutations in which the cyclic permutants retain the native bridging pattern of native toxin. See, Craik et al. (2001).

The present invention is further directed to a method of treating disorders associated with voltage-gated ion channels, ligand-gated ion channels and/or receptor disorders in a subject comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a conotoxin peptide described herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. The present invention is also directed to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a conotoxin peptide described herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

More specifically, the present invention is also directed to nucleic acids which encode conotoxin peptides of the present invention or which encodes precursor peptides for these conotoxin peptides, as well as the precursor peptide. The nucleic acid sequences encoding the precursor peptides of other conotoxin peptides of the present invention are set forth in Table 1. Table 1 also sets forth the amino acid sequences of these precursor peptides.

Another embodiment of the invention contemplates a method of identifying compounds that mimic the therapeutic activity of the instant peptide, comprising the steps of: (a) conducting a biological assay on a test compound to determine the therapeutic activity; and (b) comparing the results obtained from the biological assay of the test compound to the results obtained from the biological assay of the peptide. The peptide is labeled with any conventional label, preferably a radioiodine on an available Tyr. Thus, the invention is also directed to radioiodinated conotoxins.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The present invention is directed to conotoxin peptides, derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The present invention is further directed to the use of this peptide, derivatives thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for the treatment of disorders associated with voltage-gated ion channels, ligand-gated ion channels and/or receptors. The invention is further directed to nucleic acid sequences encoding the conotoxin peptides and encoding propeptides, as well as the propeptides.

The present invention, in another aspect, relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a conotoxin peptides, a mutein thereof, an analog thereof, an active fragment thereof or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates. Such a pharmaceutical composition has the capability of acting at voltage-gated ion channels, ligand-gated ion channels and/or receptors, and are thus useful for treating a disorder or disease of a living animal body, including a human, which disorder or disease is responsive to the partial or complete blockade of such channels or receptors comprising the step of administering to such a living animal body, including a human, in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.

Examples of voltage-gated ion channels include the voltage-gated calcium channel, the voltage-gated sodium channel, the voltage-gated potassium channel and the proton-gated ion channel. Examples of ligand-gated channels include the nicotinic ligand-gated ion channel, ligand-gated glutamate (NMDA) channel and the ligand-gated 5HT₃ (serotonin) channel.

Examples of receptors include the G-protein receptors. Activity of ψ-conotoxins is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,969,096 and in Shon et al. (1997). Activity of bromosleeper conotoxins is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,889,147 and in Craig et al. (1997). Activity of σ-conotoxins is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,889,147. Activity of contryphan conotoxins is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,077,934 and in Jimenez et al. (1996). Activity of conopressins is described in Cruz et al. (1987) and in Kruszynski et al. (1990). Activity of γ-conotoxins is described in Fainzilber et al. (1998). Activity of αA-conotoxins (kappaA??) is described in Jacobsen et al. (1997) and in Hopkins et al. (1995). Activity of α-conotoxins is described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,447,356 and 5,514,774. Activity of τ-conotoxins is described in U.S. Ser. No. 09/497,491 (PCT/US00/03021, PCT published application WO 00/46371) as an antagonist for acetylcholine receptors and as analgesic agents for the treatment of pain (whether acute or chronic), including migraine, chronic pain, and neuropathic pain, without undesirable side effects. Activity of contulakins is described in U.S. Ser. No. 09/420,797 (PCT/US99/24380, PCT published application WO 00/23092). Each of these references is incorporated herein by reference.

Since σ-conotoxins are antagonists of the 5HT₃ receptor, they are also useful in treating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and visceral pain. Visceral pain is a common experience in health and disease. Chronic visceral hyperalgesia in the absence of detectable organic disease has been implicated in many common functional bowel disorders (FDB), such as IBS, non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) and non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP).

Pain in IBS cannot be explained by normal perception of abnormal motility. In the majority of patients, sensory perception itself is abnormal. Most visceral afferent information is part of the reflex activity of digestion and does not reach concious perception. Increasing evidence suggests that long term changes in the the thresholds and gain of the visceral afferent pathways are present in patients with FDBs. This has been referred to as visceral hyperalgesia (Mayer et al., 1994).

It has been proposed that FDBs are a result of increased excitability of spinal neurones. According to their model, many inputs can result in transient, short term, or life long sensitization of afferent pathways involved in visceral reflexes and sensations from the gut. The increased sensory input to interneurons and/or dorsal horn neurons in the spinal cord will result in secondary hyperalgesia, in which adjacent, undamaged viscera develop sensitivity to normal innocuous stimuli (allodynia), and central hyperexcitability as a consequence of changes in the circuitary of the dorsal horn. This central sensitization may subsequently extend to supraspinal centers also.

Altered spinal processing of visceral sensory information can explain altered sensory thresholds and altered referral patterns, the perception of visceral sensations without stimulation of visceral mechnoreceptors (sensation of incomplete evacuation), and the symptomatic involvement of multiple sites in the GI tract, including extra intestinal sites. Increased excitability of dorsal horn neurones, resulting in the recruitment of previously sub-threshold inputs, may explain cutaneous allodynia in some patients with IBS, burning sensations referred to different parts of the body, cold hypersensitivity and pain referral to upper and lower extremities.

A number of compounds have been shown to modulate visceral sensitivity in IBS patients. These include octreotide (sst₂; Novartis), the 5-HT₃ antgonists odansetron (Glaxo) and granisetron (SKB) and the peripheral kappa opioid agonist, fedotozine (Jouveinal SA). The 5-HT₃ antagonist alosteron (Glaxo), cuurrently in development for IBS, is active in modifying the perception of colonic distension and gut compliance in IBS patients. New drugs in development for the treatment of IBS that are targeted at pain control as well as dysmotility include 5-HT₃ and 5-HT₄ receptor antagonists. 5-HT₃ receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous system-their role in modulating the activity of visceral afferent and enteric neurones has led to the proposal that 5-HT acts as a sensitizing agent via these receptors on visceral afferent neurones. 5-HT₃ receptor antagonists have been widely reported to attenuate blood pressure responses to intestinal distension. 5-HT₃ antagonists in development for IBS include Alosteron (phase III), which is reported to reduce abdominal pain, slow colonic transit and increase colon compliance in IBS patients. Other compounds with positive effects include the antiemetic Ramosteron (Yamanouchi), Cilansteron (Solvay) and YM-114 (Yamanouchi). An animal model for dysmotility of the GI tract has been described by Maric et al. (1989).

The conotoxin peptides described herein are sufficiently small to be chemically synthesized. General chemical syntheses for preparing the foregoing conotoxin peptides are described hereinafter. Various ones of the conotoxin peptides can also be obtained by isolation and purification from specific Conus species using the technique described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,447,356 (Olivera et al., 1984); U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,514,774; 5,719,264; and 5,591,821, as well as in PCT published application WO 98/03189, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Although the conotoxin peptides of the present invention can be obtained by purification from cone snails, because the amounts of conotoxin peptides obtainable from individual snails are very small, the desired substantially pure conotoxin peptides are best practically obtained in commercially valuable amounts by chemical synthesis using solid-phase strategy. For example, the yield from a single cone snail may be about 10 micrograms or less of conotoxin peptides peptide. By “substantially pure” is meant that the peptide is present in the substantial absence of other biological molecules of the same type; it is preferably present in an amount of at least about 85% purity and preferably at least about 95% purity. Chemical synthesis of biologically active conotoxin peptides peptides depends of course upon correct determination of the amino acid sequence.

The conotoxin peptides can also be produced by recombinant DNA techniques well known in the art. Such techniques are described by Sambrook et al. (1989). A gene of interest (i.e., a gene that encodes a suitable conotoxin peptides) can be inserted into a cloning site of a suitable expression vector by using standard techniques. These techniques are well known to those skilled in the art. The expression vector containing the gene of interest may then be used to transfect the desired cell line. Standard transfection techniques such as calcium phosphate co-precipitation, DEAE-dextran transfection or electroporation may be utilized. A wide variety of host/expression vector combinations may be used to express a gene encoding a conotoxin peptide of interest. Such combinations are well known to a skilled artisan. The peptides produced in this manner are isolated, reduced if necessary, and oxidized to form the correct disulfide bonds.

One method of forming disulfide bonds in the conotoxin peptides of the present invention is the air oxidation of the linear peptides for prolonged periods under cold room temperatures or at room temperature. This procedure results in the creation of a substantial amount of the bioactive, disulfide-linked peptides. The oxidized peptides are fractionated using reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or the like, to separate peptides having different linked configurations. Thereafter, either by comparing these fractions with the elution of the native material or by using a simple assay, the particular fraction having the correct linkage for maximum biological potency is easily determined. However, because of the dilution resulting from the presence of other fractions of less biopotency, a somewhat higher dosage may be required.

The peptides are synthesized by a suitable method, such as by exclusively solid-phase techniques, by partial solid-phase techniques, by fragment condensation or by classical solution couplings.

In conventional solution phase peptide synthesis, the peptide chain can be prepared by a series of coupling reactions in which constituent amino acids are added to the growing peptide chain in the desired sequence. Use of various coupling reagents, e.g., dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or diisopropylcarbonyldimidazole, various active esters, e.g., esters of N-hydroxyphthalimide or N-hydroxy-succinimide, and the various cleavage reagents, to carry out reaction in solution, with subsequent isolation and purification of intermediates, is well known classical peptide methodology. Classical solution synthesis is described in detail in the treatise, “Methoden der Organischen Chemie (Houben-Weyl): Synthese von Peptiden,” (1974). Techniques of exclusively solid-phase synthesis are set forth in the textbook, “Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis,” (Stewart and Young, 1969), and are exemplified by the disclosure of U.S. Pat. No. 4,105,603 (Vale et al., 1978). The fragment condensation method of synthesis is exemplified in U.S. Pat. No. 3,972,859 (1976). Other available syntheses are exemplified by U.S. Pat. No. 3,842,067 (1974) and U.S. Pat. No. 3,862,925 (1975). The synthesis of peptides containing γ-carboxyglutamic acid residues is exemplified by Rivier et al. (1987), Nishiuchi et al. (1993) and Zhou et al. (1996).

Common to such chemical syntheses is the protection of the labile side chain groups of the various amino acid moieties with suitable protecting groups which will prevent a chemical reaction from occurring at that site until the group is ultimately removed. Usually also common is the protection of an α-amino group on an amino acid or a fragment while that entity reacts at the carboxyl group, followed by the selective removal of the α-amino protecting group to allow subsequent reaction to take place at that location. Accordingly, it is common that, as a step in such a synthesis, an intermediate compound is produced which includes each of the amino acid residues located in its desired sequence in the peptide chain with appropriate side-chain protecting groups linked to various ones of the residues having labile side chains.

As far as the selection of a side chain amino protecting group is concerned, generally one is chosen which is not removed during deprotection of the α-amino groups during the synthesis. However, for some amino acids, e.g., His, protection is not generally necessary. In selecting a particular side chain protecting group to be used in the synthesis of the peptides, the following general rules are followed: (a) the protecting group preferably retains its protecting properties and is not split off under coupling conditions, (b) the protecting group should be stable under the reaction conditions selected for removing the α-amino protecting group at each step of the synthesis, and (c) the side chain protecting group must be removable, upon the completion of the synthesis containing the desired amino acid sequence, under reaction conditions that will not undesirably alter the peptide chain.

It should be possible to prepare many, or even all, of these peptides using recombinant DNA technology. However, when peptides are not so prepared, they are preferably prepared using the Merrifield solid-phase synthesis, although other equivalent chemical syntheses known in the art can also be used as previously mentioned. Solid-phase synthesis is commenced from the C-terminus of the peptide by coupling a protected α-amino acid to a suitable resin. Such a starting material can be prepared by attaching an α-amino-protected amino acid by an ester linkage to a chloromethylated resin or a hydroxymethyl resin, or by an amide bond to a benzhydrylamine (BHA) resin or paramethylbenzhydrylamine (MBHA) resin. Preparation of the hydroxymethyl resin is described by Bodansky et al. (1966). Chloromethylated resins are commercially available from Bio Rad Laboratories (Richmond, Calif.) and from Lab. Systems, Inc. The preparation of such a resin is described by Stewart and Young (1969). BHA and MBHA resin supports are commercially available, and are generally used when the desired polypeptide being synthesized has an unsubstituted amide at the C-terminus. Thus, solid resin supports may be any of those known in the art, such as one having the formulae —O—CH₂-resin support, —NH BHA resin support, or —NH-MBHA resin support. When the unsubstituted amide is desired, use of a BHA or MBHA resin is preferred, because cleavage directly gives the amide. In case the N-methyl amide is desired, it can be generated from an N-methyl BHA resin. Should other substituted amides be desired, the teaching of U.S. Pat. No. 4,569,967 (Kornreich et al., 1986) can be used, or should still other groups than the free acid be desired at the C-terminus, it may be preferable to synthesize the peptide using classical methods as set forth in the Houben-Weyl text (1974).

The C-terminal amino acid, protected by Boc or Fmoc and by a side-chain protecting group, if appropriate, can be first coupled to a chloromethylated resin according to the procedure set forth in K. Horiki et al. (1978), using KF in DMF at about 60° C. for 24 hours with stirring, when a peptide having free acid at the C-terminus is to be synthesized. Following the coupling of the BOC-protected amino acid to the resin support, the α-amino protecting group is removed, as by using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in methylene chloride or TFA alone. The deprotection is carried out at a temperature between about 0° C. and room temperature. Other standard cleaving reagents, such as HCl in dioxane, and conditions for removal of specific α-amino protecting groups may be used as described in Schroder & Lubke (1965).

After removal of the α-amino-protecting group, the remaining α-amino- and side chain-protected amino acids are coupled step-wise in the desired order to obtain the intermediate compound defined hereinbefore, or as an alternative to adding each amino acid separately in the synthesis, some of them may be coupled to one another prior to addition to the solid phase reactor. Selection of an appropriate coupling reagent is within the skill of the art. Particularly suitable as a coupling reagent is N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC, DIC, HBTU, HATU, TBTU in the presence of HoBt or HoAt).

The activating reagents used in the solid phase synthesis of the peptides are well known in the peptide art. Examples of suitable activating reagents are carbodiimides, such as N,N′-diisopropylcarbodiimide and N-ethyl-N′-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide. Other activating reagents and their use in peptide coupling are described by Schroder & Lubke (1965) and Kapoor (1970).

Each protected amino acid or amino acid sequence is introduced into the solid-phase reactor in about a twofold or more excess, and the coupling may be carried out in a medium of dimethylformamide (DMF):CH₂Cl₂ (1:1) or in DMF or CH₂Cl₂ alone. In cases where intermediate coupling occurs, the coupling procedure is repeated before removal of the a-amino protecting group prior to the coupling of the next amino acid. The success of the coupling reaction at each stage of the synthesis, if performed manually, is preferably monitored by the ninhydrin reaction, as described by Kaiser et al. (1970). Coupling reactions can be performed automatically, as on a Beckman 990 automatic synthesizer, using a program such as that reported in Rivier et al. (1978).

After the desired amino acid sequence has been completed, the intermediate peptide can be removed from the resin support by treatment with a reagent, such as liquid hydrogen fluoride or TFA (if using Fmoc chemistry), which not only cleaves the peptide from the resin but also cleaves all remaining side chain protecting groups and also the -amino protecting group at the N-terminus if it was not previously removed to obtain the peptide in the form of the free acid. If Met is present in the sequence, the Boc protecting group is preferably first removed using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)/ethanedithiol prior to cleaving the peptide from the resin with HF to eliminate potential S-alkylation. When using hydrogen fluoride or TFA for cleaving, one or more scavengers such as anisole, cresol, dimethyl sulfide and methylethyl sulfide are included in the reaction vessel.

Cyclization of the linear peptide is preferably affected, as opposed to cyclizing the peptide while a part of the peptido-resin, to create bonds between Cys residues. To effect such a disulfide cyclizing linkage, fully protected peptide can be cleaved from a hydroxymethylated resin or a chloromethylated resin support by ammonolysis, as is well known in the art, to yield the fully protected amide intermediate, which is thereafter suitably cyclized and deprotected. Alternatively, deprotection, as well as cleavage of the peptide from the above resins or a benzhydrylamine (BHA) resin or a methylbenzhydrylamine (MBHA), can take place at 0° C. with hydrofluoric acid (HF) or TFA, followed by oxidation as described above.

The peptides are also synthesized using an automatic synthesizer. Amino acids are sequentially coupled to an MBHA Rink resin (typically 100 mg of resin) beginning at the C-terminus using an Advanced Chemtech 357 Automatic Peptide Synthesizer. Couplings are carried out using 1,3-diisopropylcarbodimide in N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) or by 2-(1H-benzotriazole-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU) and diethylisopropylethylamine (DIEA). The FMOC protecting group is removed by treatment with a 20% solution of piperidine in dimethylformamide(DMF). Resins are subsequently washed with DMF (twice), followed by methanol and NMP.

Muteins, analogs or active fragments, of the foregoing conotoxin peptides are also contemplated here. See, e.g., Hammerland et al. (1992). Derivative muteins, analogs or active fragments of the conotoxin peptides may be synthesized according to known techniques, including conservative amino acid substitutions, such as outlined in U.S. Pat. No. 5,545,723 (see particularly col. 2, line 50-col. 3, line 8); U.S. Pat. No. 5,534,615 (see particularly col. 19, line 45-col 22, line 33); and U.S. Pat. No. 5,364,769 (see particularly col. 4, line 55-col. 7, line 26), each herein incorporated by reference.

Pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound of the present invention as the active ingredient can be prepared according to conventional pharmaceutical compounding techniques. See, for example, Remington's Phannaceutical Sciences, 18th Ed. (1990, Mack Publishing Co., Easton, Pa.). Typically, an antagonistic amount of active ingredient will be admixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The carrier may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration, e.g., intravenous, oral, parenteral or intrathecally. For examples of delivery methods see U.S. Pat. No. 5,844,077, incorporated herein by reference.

“Pharmaceutical composition” means physically discrete coherent portions suitable for medical administration. “Pharmaceutical composition in dosage unit form” means physically discrete coherent units suitable for medical administration, each containing a daily dose or a multiple (up to four times) or a sub-multiple (down to a fortieth) of a daily dose of the active compound in association with a carrier and/or enclosed within an envelope. Whether the composition contains a daily dose, or for example, a half, a third or a quarter of a daily dose, will depend on whether the pharmaceutical composition is to be administered once or, for example, twice, three times or four times a day, respectively.

The term “salt”, as used herein, denotes acidic and/or basic salts, formed with inorganic or organic acids and/or bases, preferably basic salts. While pharmaceutically acceptable salts are preferred, particularly when employing the compounds of the invention as medicaments, other salts find utility, for example, in processing these compounds, or where non-medicament-type uses are contemplated. Salts of these compounds may be prepared by art-recognized techniques.

Examples of such pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, inorganic and organic addition salts, such as hydrochloride, sulphates, nitrates or phosphates and acetates, trifluoroacetates, propionates, succinates, benzoates, citrates, tartrates, fumarates, maleates, methane-sulfonates, isothionates, theophylline acetates, salicylates, respectively, or the like. Lower alkyl quaternary ammonium salts and the like are suitable, as well.

As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable” carrier means a non-toxic, inert solid, semi-solid liquid filler, diluent, encapsulating material, formulation auxiliary of any type, or simply a sterile aqueous medium, such as saline. Some examples of the materials that can serve as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are sugars, such as lactose, glucose and sucrose, starches such as corn starch and potato starch, cellulose and its derivatives such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate; powdered tragacanth; malt, gelatin, talc; excipients such as cocoa butter and suppository waxes; oils such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, olive oil, corn oil and soybean oil; glycols, such as propylene glycol, polyols such as glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol and polyethylene glycol; esters such as ethyl oleate and ethyl laurate, agar; buffering agents such as magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide; alginic acid; pyrogen-free water; isotonic saline, Ringer's solution; ethyl alcohol and phosphate buffer solutions, as well as other non-toxic compatible substances used in pharmaceutical formulations.

Wetting agents, emulsifiers and lubricants such as sodium lauryl sulfate and magnesium stearate, as well as coloring agents, releasing agents, coating agents, sweetening, flavoring and perfuming agents, preservatives and antioxidants can also be present in the composition, according to the judgment of the formulator. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable antioxidants include, but are not limited to, water soluble antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, cysteine hydrochloride, sodium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium sulfite, and the like; oil soluble antioxidants, such as ascorbyl palmitate, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), lecithin, propyl gallate, aloha-tocopherol and the like; and the metal chelating agents such as citric acid, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), sorbitol, tartaric acid, phosphoric acid and the like.

For oral administration, the compounds can be formulated into solid or liquid preparations such as capsules, pills, tablets, lozenges, melts, powders, suspensions or emulsions. In preparing the compositions in oral dosage form, any of the usual pharmaceutical media may be employed, such as, for example, water, glycols, oils, alcohols, flavoring agents, preservatives, coloring agents, suspending agents, and the like in the case of oral liquid preparations (such as, for example, suspensions, elixirs and solutions); or carriers such as starches, sugars, diluents, granulating agents, lubricants, binders, disintegrating agents and the like in the case of oral solid preparations (such as, for example, powders, capsules and tablets). Because of their ease in administration, tablets and capsules represent the most advantageous oral dosage unit form, in which case solid pharmaceutical carriers are obviously employed. If desired, tablets may be sugar-coated or enteric-coated by standard techniques. The active agent can be encapsulated to make it stable to passage through the gastrointestinal tract while at the same time allowing for passage across the blood brain barrier. See for example, WO 96/11698.

For parenteral administration, the compound may be dissolved in a pharmaceutical carrier and administered as either a solution or a suspension. Illustrative of suitable carriers are water, saline, dextrose solutions, fructose solutions, ethanol, or oils of animal, vegetative or synthetic origin. The carrier may also contain other ingredients, for example, preservatives, suspending agents, solubilizing agents, buffers and the like. When the compounds are being administered intrathecally, they may also be dissolved in cerebrospinal fluid.

A variety of administration routes are available. The particular mode selected will depend of course, upon the particular drug selected, the severity of the disease state being treated and the dosage required for therapeutic efficacy. The methods of this invention, generally speaking, may be practiced using any mode of administration that is medically acceptable, meaning any mode that produces effective levels of the active compounds without causing clinically unacceptable adverse effects. Such modes of administration include oral, rectal, sublingual, topical, nasal, transdermal or parenteral routes. The term “parenteral” includes subcutaneous, intravenous, epidural, irrigation, intramuscular, release pumps, or infusion.

For example, administration of the active agent according to this invention may be achieved using any suitable delivery means, including:

-   -   (a) pump (see, e.g., Luer & Hatton (1993), Zimm et al. (1984)         and Ettinger et al. (1978));     -   (b), microencapsulation (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,352,883;         4,353,888; and 5,084,350);     -   (c) continuous release polymer implants (see, e.g., U.S. Pat.         No. 4,883,666);     -   (d) macroencapsulation (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,284,761,         5,158,881, 4,976,859 and 5 4,968,733 and published PCT patent         applications W092/19195, WO 95/05452);     -   (e) naked or unencapsulated cell grafts to the CNS (see, e.g.,         U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,082,670 and 5,618,531);     -   (f) injection, either subcutaneously, intravenously,         intra-arterially, intramuscularly, or to other suitable site; or     -   (g) oral administration, in capsule, liquid, tablet, pill, or         prolonged release formulation.

In one embodiment of this invention, an active agent is delivered directly into the CNS, preferably to the brain ventricles, brain parenchyma, the intrathecal space or other suitable CNS location, most preferably intrathecally.

Alternatively, targeting therapies may be used to deliver the active agent more specifically to certain types of cell, by the use of targeting systems such as antibodies or cell specific ligands. Targeting may be desirable for a variety of reasons, e.g. if the agent is unacceptably toxic, or if it would otherwise require too high a dosage, or if it would not otherwise be able to enter the target cells.

The active agents, which are peptides, can also be administered in a cell based delivery system in which a DNA sequence encoding an active agent is introduced into cells designed for implantation in the body of the patient, especially in the spinal cord region. Suitable delivery systems are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,550,050 and published PCT Application Nos. WO 92/19195, WO 94/25503, WO 95/01203, WO 95/05452, WO 96/02286, WO 96/02646, WO 96/40871, WO 96/40959 and WO 97/12635. Suitable DNA sequences can be prepared synthetically for each active agent on the basis of the developed sequences and the known genetic code.

Exemplary methods for administering such muscle relaxant compounds (e.g., so as to achieve sterile or aseptic conditions) will be apparent to the skilled artisan. Certain methods suitable for administering compounds useful according to the present invention are set forth in Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 7th Ed. (1985). The administration to the patient can be intermittent; or at a gradual, continuous, constant or controlled rate. Administration can be to a warm-blooded animal (e.g. a mammal, such as a mouse, rat, cat, rabbit, dog, pig, cow or monkey); but advantageously is administered to a human being. Administration occurs after general anesthesia is administered. The frequency of administration normally is determined by an anesthesiologist, and typically varies from patient to patient.

The active agent is preferably administered in an therapeutically effective amount. By a “therapeutically effective amount” or simply “effective amount” of an active compound is meant a sufficient amount of the compound to treat the desired condition at a reasonable benefit/risk ratio applicable to any medical treatment. The actual amount administered, and the rate and time-course of administration, will depend on the nature and severity of the condition being treated. Prescription of treatment, e.g. decisions on dosage, timing, etc., is within the responsibility of general practitioners or spealists, and typically takes account of the disorder to be treated, the condition of the individual patient, the site of delivery, the method of administration and other factors known to practitioners. Examples of techniques and protocols can be found in Remington's Parmaceutical Sciences.

Dosage may be adjusted appropriately to achieve desired drug levels, locally or systemically. Typically the active agents of the present invention exhibit their effect at a dosage range from about 0.001 mg/kg to about 250 mg/kg, preferably from about 0.01 mg/kg to about 100 mg/kg of the active ingredient, more preferably from a bout 0.05 mg/kg to about 75 mg/kg. A suitable dose can be administered in multiple sub-doses per day. Typically, a dose or sub-dose may contain from about 0.1 mg to about 500 mg of the active ingredient per unit dosage form. A more preferred dosage will contain from about 0.5 mg to about 100 mg of active ingredient per unit dosage form. Dosages are generally initiated at lower levels and increased until desired effects are achieved. In the event that the response in a subject is insufficient at such doses, even higher doses (or effective higher doses by a different, more localized delivery route) may be employed to the extent that patient tolerance permits. Continuous dosing over, for example 24 hours or multiple doses per day are contemplated to achieve appropriate systemic levels of compounds.

Advantageously, the compositions are formulated as dosage units, each unit being adapted to supply a fixed dose of active ingredients. Tablets, coated tablets, capsules, ampoules and suppositories are examples of dosage forms according to the invention.

It is only necessary that the active ingredient constitute an effective amount, i.e., such that a suitable effective dosage will be consistent with the dosage form employed in single or multiple unit doses. The exact individual dosages, as well as daily dosages, are determined according to standard medical principles under the direction of a physician or veterinarian for use humans or animals.

The pharmaceutical compositions will generally contain from about 0.0001 to 99 wt. %, preferably about 0.001 to 50 wt. %, more preferably about 0.01 to 10 wt.% of the active ingredient by weight of the total composition. In addition to the active agent, the pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments can also contain other pharmaceutically active compounds. Examples of other pharmaceutically active compounds include, but are not limited to, analgesic agents, cytokines and therapeutic agents in all of the major areas of clinical medicine. When used with other pharmaceutically active compounds, the conopeptides of the present invention may be delivered in the form of drug cocktails. A cocktail is a mixture of any one of the compounds useful with this invention with another drug or agent. In this embodiment, a common administration vehicle (e.g., pill, tablet, implant, pump, injectable solution, etc.) would contain both the instant composition in combination supplementary potentiating agent. The individual drugs of the cocktail are each administered in therapeutically effective amounts. A therapeutically effective amount will be determined by the parameters described above; but, in any event, is that amount which establishes a level of the drugs in the area of body where the drugs are required for a period of time which is effective in attaining the desired effects.

The present invention also relates to rational drug design for the indentification of additional drugs which can be used for the purposes described herein. The goal of rational drug design is to produce structural analogs of biologically active polypeptides of interest or of small molecules with which they interact (e.g., agonists, antagonists, inhibitors) in order to fashion drugs which are, for example, more active or stable forms of the polypeptide, or which, e.g., enhance or interfere with the function of a polypeptide in vivo. Several approaches for use in rational drug design include analysis of three-dimensional structure, alanine scans, molecular modeling and use of anti-id antibodies. These techniques are well known to those skilled in the art. Such techniques may include providing atomic coordinates defining a three-dimensional structure of a protein complex formed by said first polypeptide and said second polypeptide, and designing or selecting compounds capable of interfering with the interaction between a first polypeptide and a second polypeptide based on said atomic coordinates.

Following identification of a substance which modulates or affects polypeptide activity, the substance may be further investigated. Furthermore, it may be manufactured and/or used in preparation, i.e., manufacture or formulation, or a composition such as a medicament, pharmaceutical composition or drug. These may be administered to individuals.

A substance identified as a modulator of polypeptide function may be peptide or non-peptide in nature. Non-peptide “small molecules” are often preferred for many in vivo pharmaceutical uses. Accordingly, a mimetic or mimic of the substance (particularly if a peptide) may be designed for pharmaceutical use.

The designing of mimetics to a known pharmaceutically active compound is a known approach to the development of pharmaceuticals based on a “lead” compound. This approach might be desirable where the active compound is difficult or expensive to synthesize or where it is unsuitable for a particular method of administration, e.g., pure peptides are unsuitable active agents for oral compositions as they tend to be quickly degraded by proteases in the alimentary canal. Mimetic design, synthesis and testing is generally used to avoid randomly screening large numbers of molecules for a target property.

Once the pharmacophore has been found, its structure is modeled according to its physical properties, e.g., stereochemistry, bonding, size and/or charge, using data from a range of sources, e.g., spectroscopic techniques, x-ray diffraction data and NMR. Computational analysis, similarity mapping (which models the charge and/or volume of a pharmacophore, rather than the bonding between atoms) and other techniques can be used in this modeling process.

A template molecule is then selected, onto which chemical groups that mimic the pharmacophore can be grafted. The template molecule and the chemical groups grafted thereon can be conveniently selected so that the mimetic is easy to synthesize, is likely to be pharmacologically acceptable, and does not degrade in vivo, while retaining the biological activity of the lead compound. Alternatively, where the mimetic is peptide-based, further stability can be achieved by cyclizing the peptide, increasing its rigidity. The mimetic or mimetics found by this approach can then be screened to see whether they have the target property, or to what extent it is exhibited. Further optimization or modification can then be carried out to arrive at one or more final mimetics for in vivo or clinical testing.

The present invention further relates to the use of a labeled (e.g., radiolabel, fluorophore, chromophore or the like) of the conotoxins described herein as a molecular tool both in vitro and in vivo, for discovery of small molecules that exert their action at or partially at the same functional site as the native toxin and capable of elucidation similar functional responses as the native toxin. In one embodiment, the displacement of a labeled conotoxin from its receptor or other complex by a candidate drug agent is used to identify suitable candidate drugs. In a second embodiment, a biological assay on a test compound to determine the therapeutic activity is conducted and compared to the results obtained from the biological assay of a conotoxin. In a third embodiment, the binding affinity of a small molecule to the receptor of a conotoxin is measured and compared to the binding affinity of a conotoxin to its receptor.

The practice of the present invention employs, unless otherwise indicated, conventional techniques of chemistry, molecular biology, microbiology, recombinant DNA, genetics, immunology, cell biology, cell culture and transgenic biology, which are within the skill of the art. See, e.g., Maniatis et al., 1982; Sambrook et al., 1989; Ausubel et al., 1992; Glover, 1985; Anand, 1992; Guthrie and Fink, 1991; Harlow and Lane, 1988; Jakoby and Pastan, 1979; Nucleic Acid Hybridization (B. D. Hames & S. J. Higgins eds. 1984); Transcription And Translation (B. D. Hames & S. J. Higgins eds. 1984); Culture Of Animal Cells (R. I. Freshney, Alan R. Liss, Inc., 1987); Immobilized Cells And Enzymes (IRL Press, 1986); B. Perbal, A Practical Guide To Molecular Cloning (1984); the treatise, Methods In Enzymology (Academic Press, Inc., N.Y.); Gene Transfer Vectors For Mammalian Cells (J. H. Miller and M. P. Calos eds., 1987, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory); Methods In Enzymology, Vols. 154 and 155 (Wu et al. eds.), Immunochemical Methods In Cell And Molecular Biology (Mayer and Walker, eds., Academic Press, London, 1987); Handbook Of Experimental Immunology, Volumes I-IV (D. M. Weir and C. C. Blackwell, eds., 1986); Riott, Essential Immunology, 6th Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1988; Hogan et al., Manipulating the Mouse Embryo, (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1986).

EXAMPLES

The present invention is described by reference to the following Examples, which are offered by way of illustration and are not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Standard techniques well known in the art or the techniques specifically described below were utilized.

Example 1 Isolation of Conotoxin Peptides

Crude venom was extracted from venom ducts (Cruz et al., 1976), and the components were purified as previously described (Cartier et al., 1996). The crude extract from venom ducts was purified by reverse phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) using a Vydac C₁₈ semi-preparative column (10×250 mm). Further purification of bioactive peaks was done on a Vydac C₁₈ analytical column (4.6×220 mm). The effluents were monitored at 220 nm. Peaks were collected, and aliquots were assayed for activity. Throughout purification, HPLC fractions were assayed by means of intracerebral ventricular (i.c.v.) injection into mice (Clark et al., 1981).

The amino acid sequence of the purified peptides were determined by standard methods. The purified peptides were reduced and alkylated prior to sequencing by automated Edman degradation on an Applied Biosystems 477A Protein Sequencer with a 120A Analyzer (DNA/Peptide Facility, University of Utah) (Martinez et al., 1995; Shon et al., 1994).

In accordance with this method, the conotoxin peptides described as “isolated” in Table 1 were obtained. These conotoxin peptides, as well as the other conotoxin peptides and the conotoxin peptide precursors set forth in Table 1 are synthesized as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,670,622.

Example 2 Isolation of DNA Encoding Conopeptides

DNA coding for conotoxin peptides was isolated and cloned in accordance with conventional techniques using general procedures well known in the art, such as described in Olivera et al. (1996), including using primers based on the DNA sequence of known conotoxin peptides. For example, primers based on the DNA sequence for the Contulakin-G propeptide were used to identify contulakin homologs. The propeptides of these contulakin homologs are homologous on the basis of primer amplification, even though the sequence of the mature toxins are not homologous with the Contulakin-G mature toxin. Alternatively, cDNA libraries was prepared from Conus venom duct using conventional techniques. DNA from single clones was amplified by conventional techniques using primers which correspond approximately to the M13 universal priming site and the M13 reverse universal priming site. Clones having a size of approximately 300-500 nucleotides were sequenced and screened for similarity in sequence to known conotoxins. The DNA sequences and encoded propeptide sequences are set forth in Table 1. DNA sequences coding for the mature toxin can also be prepared on the basis of the DNA sequences set forth in Table1. An alignment of the conopeptides of the present invention is set forth in Tables 2-14. TABLE 1 Name: Af6.1 Species: ammiralis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATCATGGAGAAACTGATAATTCTGCTTCTTGTTGCTGCTGTACTGATGTCGACCCAG GCCCTGGTTGAACGTGCTGGAGAAAACCGCTCAAAGGAGAACATCAATTTTTTATT AAAAAGAAAGAGAGCTGCTGACAGGGGGATGTGGGGCGATTGCAAAGATGGGTTA ACGACATGTTTTGCGCCCTCAGAGTGTTGTTCTGAGGATTGTGAAGGGAGCTGCACG ATGTGGTGATGACCTCTGACCACAAGCCATCTGACATCACCACTCTCCTCTTCAGAG GCTTCAAG (SEQ ID NO:1) Translation: MEKLIILLLVAAVLMSTQALVERAGENRSKENINELLKRKRAADRGMWGDCKDGLTTC FAPSECCSEDCEGSCTMW (SEQ ID NO:2) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Met-Xaa4-Gly-Asp-Cys-Lys-Asp-Gly-Leu-Thr-Thr-Cys-Phe-Ala-Xaa3-Ser-Xaa1-Cys-Cys- Ser-Xaa1-Asp-Cys-Xaa4-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:3) Name: Af6.2 Species ammiralis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATCATGGAGAAACTGACAATTCTGCTTCTTGTTGCTGCTGTACTGATGTCGACCCAG GCCCTGCCTCAAGGTGGTGGAGAAAAACGCCCAAGGGAGAATATCAGATTTTTATC AAAAAGAAAGACAAATGCTGAGCGTTGGAGGGAGGGCAGTTGCACCTCTTGGTTAG CGACGTGTACGCAAGACCAGCAATGCTGTACTGATGTTTGTTACAAAAGGGACTAC TGCGCCTTGTGGGATGACCGCTGACCACAAGCCATCTGACATCACCACTCTCCTGTT CAGAGTCTTCAAG (SEQ ID NO:4) Translation: MEKLTILLLVAAVLMSTQALPQGGGEKRPRENIRFLSKRKTNAERWREGSCTSWLATCT QDQQCCTDVCYKRDYCALWDDR (SEQ ID NO:5) Toxin Sequence: Xaa4-Arg-Xaa1-Gly-Ser-Cys-Thr-Ser-Xaa4-Leu-Ala-Thr-Cys-Thr-Gln-Asp-Gln-Gln-Cys-Cys- Thr-Asp-Val-Cys-Xaa5-Lys-Arg-Asp-Xaa5-Cys-Ala-Leu-Xaa4-Asp-Asp-Arg-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:6) Name: Af6.3 Species: ammiralis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATCATGCAGAAACTGATAATTCTGCTTCTTGTTGCTGCTGTGGTGATGTCGACCCAG GCCCTGTTTCAAGAAAAACGCACAATGAAGAAGATCGATTTTTTATCAAAGGGAAA GGCAGATGCTGAGAAGCAGAGGAAGCGCAATTGCTCGGATGATTGGCAGTATTGTG AAAGTCCCAGTGACTGCTGTAGTTGGGATTGTGATGTGGTCTGCTCGGGATGAACTC TGACCACAAGTCATCCGACATCACCACTCTCCTGTTCAGAGGCTTCAAG (SEQ ID NO:7) Translation: MQKLIILLLVAAVLMSTQALFQEKRTMKKIDFLSKGKADAEKQRKRNCSDDWQYCESP SDCCSWDCDVVCSG (SEQ ID NO:8 Toxin Sequence: Asn-Cys-Ser-Asp-Asp-Xaa4-Gln-Xaa5-Cys-Xaa1-Ser-Xaa3-Ser-Asp-Cys-Cys-Ser-Xaa4-Asp- Cys-Asp-Val-Val-Cys-Ser-# (SEQ ID NO:9) Name: Af6.4 Species: ammiralis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATCATGCAGAAACTGATAATCCTGCTTCTTGTTGCTGCTCTACTGTTGTCGATCCAG GCGGTAAATCAAGAAAAACACCAACGGGCAAAGATCAACTTGCTTTCAAAGAGAA AGCCACCTGCTGAGCGTTGGTGGCGGTGGGGAGGATGCATGGCTTGGTTTGGGAAA TGTTCGAAGGACTCGGAATGTTGTTCTAATAGTTGTGACATAACGCGCTGCGAGTTA ATGCGATTCCCACCAGACTGGTGACATCGACACTCTCCTGTTCAGAGTCTTCAAG (SEQ ID NO:10) Translation: MQKLIILLLVAALLLSIQAVNQEKHQRAKINLLSKRKPPAERWWRWGGCMAWFGKCSK DSECCSNSCDITRCELMRFPPDW (SEQ ID NO:11) Toxin Sequence: Xaa4-Xaa4-Arg-Xaa4-Gly-Gly-Cys-Met-Ala-Xaa4-Phe-Gly-Lys-Cys-Ser-Lys-Asp-Ser-Xaa1- Cys-Cys-Ser-Asn-Ser-Cys-Asp-Ile-Thr-Arg-Cys-Xaa1-Leu-Met-Arg-Phe-Xaa3-Xaa3-Asp-Xaa4- {circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:12) Name: Af6.5 Species: ammiralis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATCATGGAGAAACTGACAATCCTGCTTCTTGTTGCTGCTGTACTGAGGTCGACCCAG GCCCTGATTCAAGGTGGTGGAGACGAACGCCAAAAGGCAAAGATCAAGTTTCTTTC AAGGTCGGACCGCGATTGCAGGGGTTACGATGCGCCGTGTAGCTCTGGCGCGCCAT GTTGTGATTGGTGGACATGTTCAGCACGAACCGGGCGCTGTTTTTAGGCTGACCACA AGCCATCCGACATCACCACTCTCCTCTTCAGAGGCTTCAAG (SEQ ID NO:13) Translation: MEKLTILLLVAAVLTSTQALIQGGGDERQKAKINFLSRSDRDCRGYDAPCSSGAPCCDW WTCSARTGRCF (SEQ ID NO:14) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Cys-Arg-Gly-Xaa5-Asp-Ala-Xaa3-Cys-Ser-Ser-Gly-Ala-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-Asp-Xaa4-Xaa4- Thr-Cys-Ser-Ala-Arg-Thr-Gly-Arg-Cys-Phe-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:15) Name: Af6.6 Species: ammiralis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATCATGCAGAAACTGACAATTCTGCTTCTTGTTGCTGCTGTGCTGATGTCGACCCAG GCCGTGCTTCAAGAAAAACGCCCAAAGGAGAAGATCAAGTTTTTATCAAAGAAAAA GACAGATGCTGAGAAGCAGCAGAAGCGCCTTTGCCCGGATTACACGGAGCCTTGTT CACATGCCCATGAATGCTGTTCATGGAATTGTCATAATGGGCACTGGACGGGATGA ACTCGGACCACAAGCCATCGACATCATCACTCTCGTGTTCAGAGTCTTCAAG (SEQ ID NO:16) Translation: MQKLTILLLVAAVLMSTQAVLQEKRPKEKIKFLSKKKIDAEKQQKRLCPDYTEPCSHAH ECCSWNCHNGHCTG (SEQ ID NO:17) Toxin Sequence: Leu-Cys-Xaa3-Asp-Xaa5-Thr-Xaa1-Xaa3-Cys-Ser-His-Ala-His-Xaa1-Cys-Cys-Ser-Xaa4-Asn- Cys-His-Asn-Gly-His-Cys-Thr-# (SEQ ID NO:18) Name: Af6.7 Species: ammiralis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATCATGCAGAAACTGATAATTCTGCTCCTTGTTGCTGCTGTACTGATGTCGACCCAG GCCATGTTTCAAGGTGATGGAGAAAAATCCCGGAAAGCGGAGATCAACTTTTCTAA AACAAGAAATTTGGCGAGAAACAAGCAGAAACGGTGCAGTAGTTGGGGAAAGTATT GTGAAGTTGACTCGGAATGCTGTTCCGAACAGTGTGTAAGGTCTTACTGCGCGATGT GGTGATGACCTCTGACCACAAGCCATCCGATATCACCACTCTCCTCTTCAGAGAGTT CAAG (SEQ ID NO:19) Translation: MQKLLTLLLVAAVLMSTQAMFQGDGEKSRKAEINFSKTRNLARNKQKRCSSWAKYCEV DSECCSEQCVRSYCAMW (SEQ ID NO:20) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Ser-Ser-Xaa4-Ala-Lys-Xaa5-Cys-Xaa1-Val-Asp-Ser-Xaa1-Cys-Cys-Ser-Xaa1-Gln-Cys- Val-Arg-Ser-Xaa5-Cys-Ala-Met-Xaa4-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:21) Name: Af9.1 Species ammiralis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GTTAAAATGCATCTGTCACTGGCACGCTCAGCTGTTTTGATGTTGCTTCTGCTGTTTG CCTTGGGCAACTTTGTTGTGGTCGAGTCAGGACAGATAACAAGAGATGTGGACAAT GGACAGCTCACGGACAACCGGCGTAACCTGCAATCGAAGTGGAAGCCAGTGAGTCT CTTCATGTCACGACGGTCTTGTAACAATTCTTGCAATGAGCATTCCGATTGCGAATC CCATTGTATTTGCACGTTTAGCGGATGCAAAATTATTTTGATATAAACGGATTGAGT TTGCTCGTCAACAAGATGTCGCACTACAGCTCCTCTCTACAGTGTGTACATCGACCA AACGACGCATCTTTTATTTCTTTGTCTGTTGTATTTGTTTTCCTGTGTTCATAACGTAC AGAGCCCTTTAATTACCTTTACTGCTCTTCACTTAACCTGATAACCGGAAGGTCCAG TGCT (SEQ ID NO:22) Translation: MHLSLARSAVLMLLLLFALGNEVVVQSGQITRDVDNGQLIDNRRNLQSKWKPVSLFMS RRSCNNSCNEHSDCESHCICTFSGCKIILI (SEQ ID NO:23) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Cys-Asn-Asn-Ser-Cys-Asn-Xaa1-His-Ser-Asp-Cys-Xaa1-Ser-His-Cys-Ile-Cys-Thr-Phe-Ser- Gly-Cys-Lys-Ile-Ile-Leu-Ile-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:24) Name: Af9.2 Species ammiralis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GTTAAAATGCATCTGTCACTGGCACGCTTAGCTGTTTTGATGTTGCTTCTGCTGTTTG CCTTGGGCAACTTTGTTGTGGTCCAGTCAGGACAGATAACAAGAGATGTGGACAAT GGACAGCTCACGGACAACCGCCGTAACCTGGAATCGAAGTGGAAGCCAGTGAGTCT CTTCATGTCACGACGGTCTTGTAACAATTCTTGCAATGAGCATTCCGATTGCGAATC CCATTGTATTTGCACGTTTAGAGGATGCGGAGCTGTTAATGGTTGAGTTTGCTCGTC AACATGATGTCGCACTACACACTACAGCTCCTCTCTACAGTGTGTACATGGACCAAA CGACGCATCTTTTATTTCTTTGTCTGTTGTGTTTGTTTTCCTGTGTTCATAACGTACAG AGCCCTTTAATTACTTTTACTGCTCTTCACTTAACCTGATAACCAGAAGGTCCAGTG CT (SEQ ID NO:25) Translation: MHLSLARLAVLMLLLLFALGNFVVVQSGQITRDVDNGQLIDNRRNLQSKWKPVSLFMS RRSCNNSCNEHSDCESHCIGTFRGCGAVNG (SEQ ID NO:26) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Cys-Asn-Asn-Ser-Cys-Asn-Xaa1-His-Ser-Asp-Cys-Xaa1-Ser-His-Cys-Ile-Cys-Thr-Phe- Arg-Gly-Cys-Gly-Ala-Val-Asn-# (SEQ ID NO:27) Name: Ar6.1 Species arenatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ACCAAAACCATCATCAAAATGAAACTGACGTGCGTGGTGATCGTCGCTGTGCTGTTC CTGACGGCCTGTCAACTCACTACAGCTGATGACTCCAGAGGTACGCAGAAGCATGG TGCCCTGAGATCGACCACCAAACTCTCCATGTTGACTCGGGGCTGCACGCCTCCTGG TGGAGTTTGTGGTTATCATGGTCACTGCTGCGATTTTTGCGATACGTTCGGCAATTTA TGTGTGAGTGGCTGACCCGGCATCTGACCTTTCCCCCTTCTTTGCTCCACTATCCTTT TTCTGCCTGAGTCCTCCATACCTGAGAGCTGTCATGAACCACTCAACACCTACTCTT CCGGAGGTTTCTGAGGAGCTGCATTGAAATAAAAGCCGCATTGC (SEQ ID NO:28) Translation: MKLTCVVIVAVLFLTACQLTTADDSRGTQKHGALRSTTKLSMLTRGCTPPGGVCGYHG HCCDFCDTFGNLCVSG (SEQ ID NO:29) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Thr-Xaa3-Xaa3-Gly-Gly-Val-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-His-Gly-His-Cys-Cys-Asp-Phe-Cys-Asp- Thr-Phe-Gly-Asn-Leu-Cys-Val-Ser-# (SEQ ID NO:30) Name: Bromosleeper-Ar1 Species arenatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GACAGGATTGAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAGGATTGGGAATCATGGTGCTAACCCTT CTACTTCTTGTGTTCATGGCAACCAGTCATCAGGATGCAGGAGAGAAGAAGGCGAT GCAAAGGGACGCAATCAACGTCAGACGGAGAAGATCACTCACTCGGGGAGTAGTA ACTGAGGCGTGCGAAGAGTCCTGTGAGGAGGAGGAAAAGCACTGCTGCCACGTAA ATAATGGAGTACCCTCTTGTGCCGTTATATGCTGGGGATAGTTTCTCGCACACTGTC TCATTCATTATTTTATCAGTACAAGTGTAAACGAGACATGTCAGAAAGTCGAAGGTT GTGCGTATTTGATAAGTATTGTTTACTGGGATGAACGGA (SEQ ID NO:31) Translation: MSGLGIMVLTLLLLVFMATSHQDAGEKKAMQRDAINVRRRRSLTRGVVTEACEESCEE EEKHCCHVNNGVPSCAVICWG (SEQ ID NO:32) Toxin Sequence: Val-Val-Thr-Xaa1-Ala-Cys-Xaa1-Xaa1-Ser-Cys-Xaa1-Xaa1-Xaa1-Xaa1-Lys-His-Cys-Cys-His- Val-Asn-Asn-Gly-Val-Xaa3-Ser-Cys-Ala-Val-Ile-Cys-Xaa4-# (SEQ ID NO:33) Name: Bromosleeper-Ar1A Species arenatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GACAGGATTGAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAGGATTGGGAATCATGGTGCTAACCCTT CTACTTCTTGTGTTCATGGCAACCAGTCATCAGGATGCAGGAGAGAAGCAGGCGAC GGAAAGGGACGCAATCAACATCAGATGGAGAAGATCACGCACTCGGAGAATAGTA ACTGAGGCGTGCGAAGAGTCCTGTGAGGACGAGGAAAAGCACTGCTGCCACGTAA ATAATGGAGTACCCTCTTGTGCCGTTATATGCTGGGGATAGTTTCTCGCACACTGTC TCATTCATTATTTTATCAGTACAAGTGTAAACGAGACATGTCAGAAAGTCGAAGGTT GTGCGTATTTGATAAGTATTGTTTACTGGGATGAACGGA (SEQ ID NO:34) Translation: MSGLGIMVLTLLLLVFMATSHQDAGEKQATERDALNLRWRRSRTRRIVTEACEESCEDE EKHCCHVNNGVPSCAVICWG (SEQ ID NO:35) Toxin Sequence: Ile-Val-Thr-Xaa1-Ala-Cys-Xaa1-Xaa1-Ser-Cys-Xaa1-Asp-Xaa1-Xaa1-Lys-His-Cys-Cys-His- Val-Asn-Asn-Gly-Val-Xaa3-Ser-Cys-Ala-Val-Ile-Cys-Xaa4-# (SEQ ID NO:36) Name: Bromosleeper-Ar2 Species arenatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GACAGGATTGAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAGAACTGGGAATCATGGTGCTAACGCTT CTACTTCTTGTGTTCCTGGTAACCAGTCATCAGGATGCAGGAGAGAAGCAGGCGAC GGAAAGGGACGCAATCAACATCAGATGGAGAAGATCACTCACTCGGAGAATAGTA ACTGAGGCGTGCGAAGAGCACTGTGAGGATGAGGAACAGTTCTGCTGCGGCTTAGA GAATGGACAACCCTTTTGTGCCCCTGTTTGCTTCGGATAGTTTCTGTACACTGTCTCA TTAATTATTTTATCAGTACAAGTGTAAACAAAACATGTCAGAAAGTCGAAGGTTGTG CGTATTTGATAAGTATTGTTTGCTGGGACGAACGGA (SEQ ID NO:37) Translation: MSELGIMVLTLLLLVFLVTSHQDAGEKQATERDAINIRWRRSLTRRIVTEACEEHCEDEE QFCCGLENGQPFCAPVCFG (SEQ ID NO:38) Toxin Sequence: Ile-Val-Thr-Xaa1-Ala-Cys-Xaa1-Xaa1-His-Cys-Xaa1-Asp-Xaa1-Xaa1-Gln-Phe-Cys-Cys-Gly- Leu-Xaa1-Asn-Gly-Gln-Xaa3-Phe-Cys-Ala-Xaa3-Val-Cys-Phe-# (SEQ ID NO:39) Name: Bromosleeper-Ar3 Species arenatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GACAGGATTGAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAGGATTGGGAATCATGGTGCTAACCCTT CTACTTCTTGTGTTCATGGCAACCAGTCATCAGGATGCAGGAGAGAAGAAGGTGAT GCAAAGGGACGCAATCAACGTCAGACGGAGAAGATCACGCACTCGGAGAGTAGTA ACTGGGGCGTGCGAAGAGCACTGTGAGGACGAGGAAAAGCACTGCTGCGGCTTAG AGAATGGACAACCCTTTTGTGCCCGTCTATGCTTAGGATAGTTTTCTGTACACTGTCT TATTCATTATTTTATCAGTACAAGTGAAAACAAAGCATGTCAGAAAGTCGAAGGTTG TGCGTATTTGATAAGTATTGTTTACTGGGATGAACGGA (SEQ ID NO:40) Translation: MSGLGIMVLTLLLLVFMATSHQDAGEKKVMQRDAINVRRRRSRTRRVVTGACEEHCED EEKHCCGLENGQPFCARLCLG (SEQ ID NO:41) Toxin Sequence: Val-Val-Thr-Gly-Ala-Cys-Xaa1-Xaa1-His-Cys-Xaa1-Asp-Xaa1-Xaa1-Lys-His-Cys-Cys-Gly- Leu-Xaa1-Asn-Gly-Gln-Xaa3-Phe-Cys-Ala-Arg-Leu-Cys-Leu-# (SEQ ID NO:42) Name: C. arenatus contryphan 1 Species arenatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGGGGAAACTGACAATACTGGTTCTTGTTGCTGCTGTACTGTTGTCGACCCAGGTC ATGGTTCAAGGTGACGGAGATCAACCTGCAGCTCGCAATGCAGTGCCAAAAGACGA TAACCCAGATGGAGCGAGTGGAAAGTTCATGAATGTTCTACGTCGGTCTGGATGTC CGTGGCATCCTTGGTGTGGCTGATCGGAATCCACGATTGCAATGACAGCC (SEQ ID NO:43) Translation: MGKLTILVLVAAVLLSTQVMVQGDGDQPAARNAVPKDDNPDGASGKFMNVLRRSGCP WHIPWCG (SEQ ID NO:44) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Gly-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa4-His-Xaa3-Xaa4-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:45) Name: C. arenatus contryphan 1A Species: arenatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGGGGAAACTGACAATACTGGTTCTTGTTGCTGCTGTACTGTTGTCGACCCAGGTC ATGGTTCAAGGTGACGGAGATCAACCTGCAGCTCGCAATGCAGTGCCAAAAGACGA TAACGCAGATGGAGCGAGTGGAAAGTTCATGAATGTTCTACGTCGGTCTGGATGTC CGTGGCGCCCTTGGTGTGGCTGATCGGAATCCACGATTGCAATGACAGCC (SEQ ID NO:46) Translation: MGKLTILVLVAAVLLSTQVMVQGDGDQPAARNAVPKDDNPDGASGKFMNVLRRSGCP WRPWCG (SEQ ID NO:47) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Ser-Gly-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa4-Arg-Xaa3-Xaa4-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:48) Name: C. arenatus contryphan 2 Species: arenatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGGGGAAACTGACAATACTGGTTCTTGTTGCTGCTGTACTGTTGTCGACCCAGGTC ATGGTTCAAGGTGACGGAGATCAACCTGCAGGTCGAGATGCAGTTCCAAGAGACGA TAACCCAGGTGGAACGAGTGGAAAGTTCATGAATGCTCTACGTCAATATGGATGTC CGGTGGGTCTTTGGTGTGACTGATCAGAATCCACGATTGCAATGACAGCC (SEQ ID NO:49) Translation: MGKLTILVLVAAVLLSTQVMVQGDGDQPAGRDAVPRDDNPGGTSGKFMNALRQYGCP VGLWCD (SEQ ID NO:50) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Xaa5-Gly-Cys-Xaa3-Val-Gly-Leu-Xaa4-Cys-Asp-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:51) Name: C. arenatus contryphan 4 Species: arenatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGGGGAAACTGACAATACTGGTTCTTGTTGCTGCTGTACTGTTGTCGACCCAGGTC ATGTTTCGAGATCAACCTGCACGTCGTGATGCAGTGCCAAGAGACGATAGCCCAGA TGGAATGAGTGGAGGGTTCATGAATGTCCCACGTCGGTCTGGATGTCCGTGGCAAC CTTGGTGTGGCTGATCGGAATCCACGATTGCAATGACAGCC (SEQ ID NO:52) Translation: MGKLTWVLVAAVLLSTQVMFRDQPARRDAVPRDDSPDGMSGGFMNVPRRSGCPWQP WCG (SEQ ID NO:53) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Gly-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa4-Gln-Xaa3-Xaa4-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:54) Name: Contryphan-Ar-1 Species arenatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGGGGAAACTGACAATACTGGTTCTTGTTGCTGCTGTACTGTTGTCGACCCAGGCC ATGGTTCAAGATCAACCTGCAGGTCGAGATGCAGTTCCAAGAGACGATAACCCAGG TGGAACGAGTGGAAAGTTCGTGAATGCTCAACGTCAATATGGATGTCCGCCGGGTC TTTGGTGTCACTGATCAGAATCCACGATTGCAATGACAGCC (SEQ ID NO:55) Translation: MGKLTILVLVAAVLLSTQAMVQDQPAGRDAVPRDDNPGGTSGKFVNAQRQYGCPPGL WCH (SEQ ID NO:56) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Xaa5-Gly-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Gly-Leu-Xaa4-Cys-His-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:57) Name: A10.1 Species: aurisiacus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCATCCCTTCAG ATCGTGCATCTGATGGCAGGAATGCCGCAGTCAACGAGAGAGCGCCTTGGCTGGTC CCTTCGACAATCACGACTTGCTGTGGATATAATCCGGGGACAATGTGCCCTCCTTGC AGGTGCGATAATACCTGTTAACCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA (SEQ ID NO:58) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSIPSDRASDGRNAAVNERAPWLVPSTITTCCGYNPGTMCPPCRC DNTC (SEQ ID NO:59) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Xaa3-Xaa4-Leu-Val-Xaa3-Ser-Thr-Ile-Thr-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Asn-Xaa3-Gly-Thr- Met-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Arg-Cys-Asp-Asn-Thr-Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:60) Name: Bn1.5 Species: bandanus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTGATCATTCTTCTGCTGCTGACTGCATCTGCACCTGGCG TTGATGTCCTACCGAAGACCGAAGATGATGTGCGCCTGTCATCTGTCTACGATAATA CAAAGAGTATCCTACGAGGACTTCTGGACAAACGTGCTTGCTGTGGCTACAAGCTTT GCTCACCATGTTAACCAGCATGAAGGATCC (SEQ ID NO:61) Translation: MRCLPVLIILLLLTASAPGVDVLPKTEDDVPLSSVYDNTKSILRGLLDKRACCGYKLCSP C (SEQ ID NO:62) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Lys-Leu-Cys-Ser-Xaa3-Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:63) Name: Ca6.3 Species: caracteristicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGAAACTGACGTGCGTGGTGATCATCGCCGCGCTGTTCCTGACGGCCTGT CAGCTCAATACAGCTGATGACTCCAGAGATAAGCAGGAGTACCGTGCAGTGAGGTT GAGAGACGGAATGCGGAATTTCAAAGGTTCCAAGCGCAACTGCGGGGAACAAGGT GAAGGTTGTGCTACTCGCCCATGCTGCTCTGGTCTGAGTTGCGTTGGCAGCCGTCCA GGAGGCCTGTGCCAGTACGGCTAATAGTCTGGCATCTGATATTTCCCCTCTGCACTC TACCTTCTTTTGCCTGATGCATGTTTACTTGTGTGTGGTCATGAACCACTCAGTAGCT ACACCTCCGAAGGACGTGC (SEQ ID NO:64) Translation: MKLTCVVIIAALFLTACQLNTADDSRDKQEYRAVRLRDGMRNFKGSKRNCGEQGEGCA TRPCCSGLSCVGSRPGGLCQYG (SEQ ID NO:65) Toxin Sequence: Asn-Cys-Gly-Xaa1-Gln-Gly-Xaa1-Gly-Cys-Ala-Thr-Arg-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-Ser-Gly-Leu-Ser-Cys- Val-Gly-Ser-Arg-Xaa3-Gly-Gly-Leu-Cys-Gln-Xaa5-# (SEQ ID NO:66) Name: Ca8.1 Species: caracteristicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTCATCCTGCCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGAAAAACGCACCTGAAGAGAGGCTTCTA CGGTACTCTGGCAATGTCTACCAGAGGATGCTCTGGCACTTGCCATCGTCGTGAGGA CGGCAAGTGTCGGGGTACTTGCGACTGCTCCGGATACAGCTATTGTCGCTGCGGTGA CGCTCACCATTTTTACCGAGGATGCACGTGTTCGTGTCAAGGTTGATTAATTGACTC TTTTAACTCGTTGAACGATTGAAAAAAAAAATTTTAGAGCAATATGTTCGAGAAAA ACCGAAGAC (SEQ ID NO:67) Translation: MMSKMGAMFVLLLLFILPSSQQEGDVQARKTHLKRGFYGTLAMSTRGCSGTCHRREDG KCRGTCDCSGYSYCRCGDAHHFYRGCTCSCQG (SEQ ID NO:68) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Ser-Gly-Thr-Cys-His-Arg-Arg-Xaa1-Asp-Gly-Lys-Cys-Arg-Gly-Thr-Cys-Asp-Cys-Ser- Gly-Xaa5-Ser-Xaa5-Cys-Arg-Cys-Gly-Asp-Ala-His-His-Phe-Xaa5-Arg-Gly-Cys-Thr-Cys-Ser- Cys-Gln-# (SEQ ID NO:69) Name: Ca8.2 Species caracteristicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTCATCCTGCCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGAAAAACGCACCGGAAGAGCGGCTTCTA CGGTACTCTGGCAATGTCTGCCAGAGGATGCTCTGGCACTTGCCATCGTCGTGAGGA CGGCAAGTGTCGGGGTACTTGCGACTGCTCCGGATACAGCTATTGTCGCTGCGGTGA CGCTCACCATTTTTACCGAGGATGCACGTGTACATGTTAAGGTTGATTAATTGACTC TTTTAACTCGTTGAACCGATTAAAAAAAAAATTAGACGAATATGTTCGAGAAAACC GAAGAC (SEQ ID NO:70) Translation: MMSKMGAMFVLLLLFTLPSSQQEGDVQARKITHRKSGFYGTLAMSARGCSGTCHRRED GKCRGTCDCSGYSYCRCGDAHHFYRGCTCTC (SEQ ID NO:71) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Ser-Gly-Thr-Cys-His-Arg-Arg-Xaa1-Asp-Gly-Lys-Cys-Arg-Gly-Thr-Cys-Asp-Cys-Ser- Gly-Xaa5-Ser-Xaa5-Cys-Arg-Cys-Gly-Asp-Ala-His-His-Phe-Xaa5-Arg-Gly-Cys-Thr-Cys-Thr- Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:72) Name: Ca8.3 Species caracteristicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTCATCCTGCCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGAAAAACGCACCGGAAGAGCGGCTTCTA CGGTACTCTGGCAATGTCTACCAGAGGATGCTCTGGCACTTGCCGTCGTCATCGGGA CGGCAAGTGTCGGGGTACTTGCGACTGCTCCGGATACAGCTATTGTCGCTGCGGTGA CGCTCACCATTTTTACCGAGGATGCACGTGTACATGTTAAGGTTGATTAATTCGATC TTTTAACTCGTTGAACGATTAAAAAAAAAATTTTAGACGAATATGTTCGAGAAAAA CCGAAGAC (SEQ ID NO:73) Translation: MMSKMGAMFVLLLLFTLPSSQQEGDVQARKTHRKSGFYGTLAMSTRGCSGTCRRHRD GKCRGTCDGSGYSYCRGGDAHHFYRGCTCTG (SEQ ID NO:74) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Ser-Gly-Thr-Cys-Arg-Arg-His-Arg-Asp-Gly-Lys-Cys-Arg-Gly-Thr-Cys-Asp-Cys-Ser- Gly-Xaa5-Ser-Xaa5-Cys-Arg-Cys-Gly-Asp-Ala-His-His-Phe-Xaa5-Arg-Gly-Cys-Thr-Cys-Thr- Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:75) Name: Ca8.4 Species caracteristicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTCATCCTGCCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGAAAAACGCACCTGAAGAGAGGCTTCTA CGGTACTCTGGCAATGTCTACCAGAGGATGCTCTGGCACTTGCCGTCGTCATCGGGA CGGCAAGTGTCGGGGTACTTGCGACTGCTCCGGATACAGCTATTGTCGCTGCGGTGA CGCTCACCATTTTTACCGAGGATGCACGTGTACATGTTAAGGTTGATTAATTGACTC TTTTAACTCGTTGAACGATTAAAAAAAAAAATTTTAGAGCAATATGTTCGAGAAAA ACCGAAGAC (SEQ ID NO:76) Translation: MMSKMGAMFVLLLLFILPSSQQEGDVQARKTHLKRGFYGTLAMSTRGCSGTCRRHRD GKCRGTCDCSGYSYCRCGDAHHFYRGCTCTC (SEQ ID NO:77) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Ser-Gly-Thr-Cys-Arg-Arg-His-Arg-Asp-Gly-Lys-Cys-Arg-Gly-Thr-Cys-Asp-Cys-Ser- Gly-Xaa5-Ser-Xaa5-Cys-Arg-Cys-Gly-Asp-Ala-His-His-Phe-Xaa5-Arg-Gly-Cys-Thr-Cys-Thr- Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:78) Name: Ca8.5 Species: caracteristicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGTTTCTTTTCACCCTGCCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGAAAAACGCACCTGAAGAGAGGCTTCTA CGGTACTCTGGCAATGTCTTCCAGAGGATGCTCTGGCACTTGCCATCGTCGTGAGGA CGGCAAGTGTCGGGGTACTTGCGACTGCTCCGGATACAGCTATTGTCGCTGCGGTGA CGCTCACCATTTTTACCGAGGATGTACGTGTACATGTTAAGGTTGATTAATTGACTC TTTTAACTCGTTGAACGATTAAAAAAAAATTTAGAGCAATATGTTCGAGAAAACCG AAGAC (SEQ ID NO:79) Translation: MMSKMGAMFVLLFLFTLPSSQQEGDVQARKTHILKRGFYGTLAMSSRGCSGTCHRRED GKCRGTCDCSGYSYCRCGDAHHFYRGCTCTC (SEQ ID NO:80) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Ser-Gly-Thr-Cys-His-Arg-Arg-Xaa1-Asp-Gly-Lys-Cys-Arg-Gly-Thr-Cys-Asp-Cys-Ser- Gly-Xaa5-Ser-Xaa5-Cys-Arg-Cys-Gly-Asp-Ala-His-His-Phe-Xaa5-Arg-Gly-Cys-Thr-Cys-Thr- Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:81) Name: Ca8.6 Species caracteristicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTCATCCTGCCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGAAAAACGCACCTGAAGAGCGGCTTCTA CGGTACTCTGGCAATGTCTGCCAGAGGATGCTCTGGCACTTGCCATCGTCGTCAAAA CGGCGAGTGTCAGGGTACTTGCGACTGCGACGGACACGACCATTGTGACTGCGGTG ACACTCTCGGTACTTACTCAGGATGCGTGTGTATATGTTAAGGTTGATTAATTGACT CTTTTAACTCGTTGAACGATTAAAAAAATTTAGAGCAATATGTTCGAGAAAAACCG AAGAC (SEQ ID NO:82) Translation: MMSKMGAMEVLLLLFILPSSQQEGDVQARKTHLKSGFYGTLAMSARGCSGTCHRRQN GECQGTCDCDGHDHCDCGDTLGTYSGCVCIC (SEQ ID NO:83) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Ser-Gly-Thr-Cys-His-Arg-Arg-Gln-Asn-Gly-Xaa1-Cys-Gln-Gly-Thr-Cys-Asp-Cys- Asp-Gly-His-Asp-His-Cys-Asp-Cys-Gly-Asp-Thr-Leu-Gly-Thr-Xaa5-Ser-Gly-Cys-Val-Cys-Ile- Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:84) Name: Ca9.1 Species caracteristicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GTTACAATGCATCTGTCACTGGCACGCTCAGCTGTCTTGATGTTGCTTCTGCTGTTTG CCTTGGACAACTTCGTTGGGGTCCAGCCAGGACAGATAACAAGAGATGTGGACAAC CGCCGTAACCGGCAATCGCGATGGAAGCCAAGGAGTCTCTTCAAGTCACTTCATAA ACGAGCATCGTGTGGAGGGACTTGCACGGAAAGTGCCGATTGCCCTTCCACGTGTA GTACTTGCTTACATGGTCAATGCGAGTCAACATGATGTCGCACTACAGCTCTTCTCT ACAGTGTGTACATCGACCGTACGACGCATCTTTTATTTCTTTGGCTGTTTCATTCGTT TTCTTGTGTTCATAACATGCGGAGCCCTTCCGTTACCTCTACTGCTCTACACTTAACC TGATAACCAGAAAATCCAGTACT (SEQ ID NO:85) Translation: MHLSLARSAVLMLLLLFALDNFVGVQPGQITRDVDNRRNRQSRWKPRSLFKSLHKRAS CGGTCTESADCPSTCSTCLHAQCEST (SEQ ID NO:86) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Ser-Cys-Gly-Gly-Thr-Cys-Thr-Xaa1-Ser-Ala-Asp-Cys-Xaa3-Ser-Thr-Cys-Ser-Thr-Cys-Leu- His-Ala-Gln-Cys-Xaa1-Ser-Thr-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:87) Name: Ca9.2 Species caracteristicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GTTACAATGCATCTGTCACTGGCACGCTCAGCTGTTTTGATGTTGCTTCTGCTGTTTG CCTTGGACAACTTCGTTGGGGTCCAACCAGGACAGATAACTAGAGATGTGGACAAC CGCCGTAACCTGCAATCGCGATGGAAGCCAAGGAGTCTCTTCAAGTCACTTCATAA ACGAGCATCGTGTGGAGGGACTTGCACGGAAAGTGCCGATTGCCCTTCCACGTGTA GTACTTGCTTACATGCTCAATGCGAGTGAACATGATGTCGCACTACAGCTCTTCTCT ACAGTGTGTACATCGACCGACCGTACGACGCATCTTTTATTTCTTTGTCTGTTTCATT CGTTTTCTTGAGTTCATAACATGCGGAGCCCTTCCGTTACCTCTACTGCTCTACACTT AAGCTGATAACCAGAAAATCCAGTACT (SEQ ID NO:88) Translation: MHLSLARSAVLMLLLLFALDNFVGVQPGQITRDVDNRRNLQSRWKPRSLFKSLHKRAS CGGTCTESADCPSTCSTCLHAQCE (SEQ ID NO:89) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Cys-Gly-Gly-Thr-Cys-Thr-Xaa1-Ser-Ala-Asp-Cys-Xaa3-Ser-Thr-Cys-Ser-Thr-Cys-Leu-His- Ala-Gln-Cys-Xaa1-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:90) Name: Cr10.2 Species circumcisus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: tgtgtgtgtgtggttctgggtccaGCATTTGATGGCAGGAATGCCGCAGTCAACGAGAGAGCGCCT TGGACGGTCGTTTTGTCCACCACGAATTGCTGCGGTTATAATACGATGGAATTCTGC CCTGCTTGCATGTGCACTTATTCCTGTCCAAAAAAGAAAAAACCAGGAAAAGGCCG CAGAAACAACTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACGT (SEQ ID NO:91) Translation: FDGRNAAVNERAPWTVVLSTTNCCGYNTMEFCPACMCTYSCPKKKKPGKGRRNN (SEQ ID NO:92) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Xaa3-Xaa4-Thr-Val-Val-Leu-Ser-Thr-Thr-Asn-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Asn-Thr-Met-Xaa1-Phe- Cys-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-Met-Cys-Thr-Xaa5-Ser-Cys-Xaa3-Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys-Xaa3-Gly-Lys-Gly-Arg- Arg-Asn-Asn-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:93) Name: Cn9.1 Species: consors Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: Translation: GIFVGVQPEQITRDVDKGYSIDDGHDLLSLLKQISLRACTGSCNSDSECYNFCDCIGTRC EAQK (SEQ ID NO:94) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Cys-Thr-Gly-Ser-Cys-Asn-Ser-Asp-Ser-Xaa1-Cys-Xaa5-Asn-Phe-Cys-Asp-Cys-Ile-Gly- Thr-Arg-Cys-Xaa1-Ala-Gln-Lys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:95) Name: De6.1 Species delessertii Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Ala-Cys-Lys-Xaa3-Lys-Asn-Asn-Leu-Cys-Ala-Ile-Thr-Xaa1-Met-Ala-Xaa1-Cys-Cys-Ser-Gly- Phe-Cys-Leu-Ile-Xaa5-Arg-Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:96) Name: Bromosleeper-Di1 Species distans Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GACAGGATTGAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAGGATTGGGAATCATGGTGCTAACCCTT CTACTTCTTGTGCCCATGGCAACCAGTCAACAGGATGGAGGAGAGAAGCAGGCGAT GCAAAGGGACGCAATCAACGTCGCACCAGGAACATCAATCACTCGGAGAAATGTA GATCAGGAGTGCATTGACGCCTGTCAGCTGGAGGACAAGAATTGCTGTGGCAGAAC AGATGGAGAACCCAGATGTGCGAAAATCTGCCTCGGATAATTTCTGTACGCTGTCTC ATTCATTATTTCATCCGTACGAGTGTAAACGAGACCTATTAGAAAGTCGAAGGTTGT GCGTAATTTGATAAGCATTGTTTGCTGGGACGAACGGA (SEQ ID NO:97) Translation: MSGLGIMVLTLLLLVPMATSQQDGGEKQAMQRDAIISIVAPGTSITRRNVDQECIDACQLE DKNCCGRIDGEPRCAKICLG (SEQ ID NO:98) Toxin Sequence: Asn-Val-Asp-Gln-Xaa1-Cys-Ile-Asp-Ala-Cys-Gln-Leu-Xaa1-Asp-Lys-Asn-Cys-Cys-Gly-Arg- Thr-Asp-Gly-Xaa1-Xaa3-Arg-Cys-Ala-Lys-Ile-Cys-Leu-# (SEQ ID NO:99) Name: Bromosleeper-Di2 Species: distans Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GACAGGATTGAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAGGATTGGGAATCATGGTGCTAACCCTT CTACTTCTTGTGCCCATGGCAACCAGTCAACAGGATGGAGGAGAGAAGCAGGCGAT GCAAAGGGACGCAATCAACGTCGCACCAGGAACATCAATCACTCGGACAGAAACA GATCAGGAGTGCATTGACATCTGTAAGCAGGAGGACAAGAAATGCTGCGGCAGATC AAATGGAGAACCCACATGTGCGAAAATCTGCCTCGGATAATTTCTGTACGCTGTCTC GTTCATTATTLTCGTCAGTACGAGTTTAAACGAGACCTATTAGAAAGTCGAAGGTTCG TGCTTAATTTGATAAGCATTGTTTGCTGGGATGAACGGA (SEQ ID NO:100) Translation: MSGLGIMVLTLLLLVPMATSQQDGGEKQAMQRDANVAPGTSITRTEIDQECIDICKQE DKKCCGRSNGEPTCAKICLG (SEQ ID NO:101) Toxin Sequence: Xaa1-Thr-Asp-Gln-Xaa1-Cys-Ile-Asp-Ile-Cys-Lys-Gln-Xaa1-Asp-Lys-Lys-Cys-Cys-Gly-Arg- Ser-Asn-Gly-Xaa1-Xaa3-Thr-Cys-Ala-Lys-Ile-Cys-Leu-# (SEQ ID NO:102) Name: Bromosleeper-Di3 Species distans Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GACAGGATTGAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAGGATTGGGAATCATGGTGCTAACCCTT CTACTTCTTGTGCCCATGGCAACCAGTCAACAGGATGGAGGAGAGAAGCAGGCGAT GCAAAGGGACGCAATCAACGTCGCACCAGGAACATCAATCACTCGGAGAGAAACA GATCAGGAGTGCATTGACACCTGTGAGCAGGAGGACAAGAAATGCTGCGGCAGAA CAAATGGAGAACCCGTATGTGCGAAAATCTGCTTCGGATAATTTCTGTACGCTGTCT CATTCATAATTTCATCAGTACGAGTTTAAACGAGACCTATTAGAAAGTCGAAGGTTC GTGCTTAATTTGATAAGCATTGTTTGCTGGGATGAACGGA (SEQ ID NO:103) Translation: MSGLGLMVLTLLLLVPMATSQQDGGEKQAMQRDAINVAPGTSITRREIDQECIDTCEQE DKKCCGRTNGEPVCAKICFG (SEQ ID NO:104) Toxin Sequence: Xaa1-Thr-Asp-Gln-Xaa1-Cys-Ile-Asp-Thr-Cys-Xaa1-Gln-Xaa1-Asp-Lys-Lys-Cys-Cys-Gly-Arg- Thr-Asn-Gly-Xaa1-Xaa3-Val-Cys-Ala-Lys-Ile-Cys-Phe-# (SEQ ID NO:105) Name: αA-EIVB Species: ermineus Isolated: Yes Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGTTCACCGTGTTTGTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTGGTTTCCTTCACTTCAG ATCGTGCATCGGATGACAGGAATACCAACGACAAAGCATCTCGCCTGCTCTCTCAC GTTGTCAGGGGATGCTGTGGTAAGTATCCCAATGCTGCCTGTCATCCTTGCGGTTGT ACAGTGGGTAGGCCACCGTATTGTGACAGACCCAGTGGTGGAGGACGCTGATGCTC CAGGACCCTCTGAAGCACGACGT (SEQ ID NO:106) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSFTSDRASDDRNTNDKASRLLSHVVRGCCGKYPNAACHPCGCT VGRPPYCDRPSGGGR (SEQ ID NO:107) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Cys-Gly-Lys-Xaa5-Xaa3-Asn-Ala-Ala-Cys-His-Xaa3-Cys-Gly-Cys-Thr-Val-Gly-Arg- Xaa3-Xaa3-Xaa5-Cys-Asp-Arg-Xaa3-Ser-Gly-Gly-# (SEQ ID NO:108) Name: Ge3.1 Species: generalis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGATGTCTAAAGTGGGAGTCTTGTTGACCATCTGTCTGGTTCTGTTTCCCC TTACTGCTCTTCCAGTGGATGGAGAACAACCTGTAGACCGACATGCCGAGCATATGC AGGATGACAATTCAGCTGCACAGAACCCCTGGGTTATTGCCATCAGACAGTGTTGC ACGTTGTGCAACTTTGGATGCCAGCCTTGTTGCGTCCCCTGATAACGTGTTGATGAC CAACTTTCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:109) Translation: GSMMSKLGVLLTICLVLFPLTALPLDGEQPVDRHAEHMQDDNSAAQNPWVIMRQCCTF CNFGCQPCCVP (SEQ ID NO:110) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Cys-Cys-Thr-Phe-Cys-Asn-Phe-Gly-Cys-Gln-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-Val-Xaa3-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:111) Name: C. geographus GS-A Species geographus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GCAAGATCATCAGCAGAATGAACCTGACGTGCGTGTTGATCATCGGCGTGCTGTTTC TGACGGCCTGCCAGCTCATTGCAGCTGATGACTCCAGAGATAACCAGAAGCACCGT GCAGTGAGGATGAGAGACGCATTGAAGAATTTCAAAGATTCCAGGGCGTGCTCCGG TAGAGGTTCTAGATGTCCTCGGCAATGCTGCATGGGTTTGACGTGCGGTCGTGAGTA TCCACCCAGATGCGGTTGATATACGGTGAACAACTGATATTTCCCCTCTGTGCTCTA CCCTCTTTTGCCTGATTCACCCACACCTATGTGTGGTCATGAACCACTCAGTACCTA CACCTCTGGTGGCTTCAGAGGACGTATATTAAAATAAAACCACATTGCAATGAAAA AAAAAAAA (SEQ ID NO:112) Translation: MNLTCVLIIAVLFLTACQLLAADDSRDNQKHRAVRMRDALKNFKDSRACSGRGSRCPPQ CCMGLTCGREYPPRCG (SEQ ID NO:113) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Cys-Ser-Gly-Arg-Gly-Ser-Arg-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Gln-Cys-Cys-Met-Gly-Leu-Thr-Cys-Gly- Arg-Xaa1-Xaa5-Xaa3-Xaa3-Arg-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:114) Name: Conopressin-G Species geographus Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Cys-Phe-Ile-Arg-Asn-Cys-Xaa3-Lys-Gly-# (SEQ ID NO:115) Name: EST66 Species: geographus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: TGCTGCCCGAGTAGCAAAGAGGATTCCCTGAACTGCATTGAGACCATGGCGACCAC GGCCACGTGCATGAAGTCCAACAAGGGGGAGATCTACTCCTATGCGTGCGGCTACT GCGGCAAGAAGAAGGAGAGCTGTTTCGGCGACAAAAAGCCAGTGACTGACTACCA GTGCCAGACGCGGAACATTCCCAACCCCTGCGGCGGCGCTGCTCTCTGAAGGCACC AACAGCACCAACAGCACGATCTCCTGTGTTTCGTCACTGCATTTATGACGTCAAAAC CACGTCATGCATGATGACGACGATCTCGGCTATGGCATGTATTGAAGAATGGAAAT AAACCTAGTTTTCAGCTGAAAAAA (SEQ ID NO:116) Translation: CCPSSKEDSLNCIETMATTATCMKSNKGEIYSYACGYCGKKKESCFGDKKPVIDYQCQ TRNIPNPCGGAAL (SEQ ID NO:117) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Ser-Ser-Lys-Xaa1-Asp-Ser-Leu-Asn-Cys-Ile-Xaa1-Thr-Met-Ala-Thr-Thr-Ala- Thr-Cys-Met-Lys-Ser-Asn-Lys-Gly-Xaa1-Ile-Xaa5-Ser-Xaa5-Ala-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Cys-Gly-Lys- Lys-Lys-Xaa1-Ser-Cys-Phe-Gly-Asp-Lys-Lys-Xaa3-Val-Thr-Asp-Xaa5-Gln-Gys-Gln-Thr-Arg- Asn-Ile-Xaa3-Asn-Xaa3-Cys-Gln-Gly-Ala-Ala-Leu-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:118) Name: EST87 Species: geographus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: CGGGCGCTGCATTCCGGACGTGAAACAGCATCGCCAGCAAGTGGGCATAGTGCAAG ACACtCAGAACAAtGACGCACAtAGTCTGANAAAATAACCATGGGTATGCGGATGAN GTTTAGTGTGTTTCNGCAGGTTGTCNTGGGNACCACTGTCGTTTCCTTCACNTCACGT CGTGGTCCAAAATCTCGTCGCGGGGAACCTATTCCGACCACTGTAATCAACTACGG GGAGTGCTGTAAGGATCCATCCTGTTGGGTTAAGGTGAAGGATTTCCAGTGTCCTGG AGCAAGTCCTCCCAACTGAACCACGACATGTCGCCCTCTGCCTGACCTGCTTCACGT TCCGTCTCTTTCTGCCACTAGAACTCAACAACTCGATCCAACAGACTCCTACTTTAC CTCCGTATTCTGAAACTACTTGGATTTGATTGTCTTTAATATCTACTCACACTTGCTG TTATTACATCATCCAAAATTTAACAAGAACATGAAAGGTGTCTGTTCAAACAAAATC AGGCAATGACAANGGGGGAAAGTCTCCANTCTATCTGAAAACTGTCACCTGTCACT CTCTTAACCAGGTTTANAACTGANTACCACTANAGCTGTTGTNCCACATCANGATCA GNCCAATTTGTANNGTTTCCTTTGCAAAACTTTTGCCTGAAATTCTTGAAAAGAAAC GCTCACAATGTTGGGAAGTGCTTTTNATTANCTGACAANNTGNCANCATGTTCCNTT TCANTAANTCTNAAATGNAAACCTCTGTT (SEQ ID NO:119) Translation: MGMRMMFSVFLQVVLGTTVVSFTSRRGPKSRRGEPIPTTVINYGECCKDPSCWVKVKD FQCPGASPPN (SEQ ID NO:120) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Xaa1-Xaa3-Ile-Xaa3-Thr-Thr-Val-Ile-Asn-Xaa5-Gly-Xaa1-Cys-Cys-Lys-Asp-Xaa3-Ser- Cys-Xaa4-Val-Lys-Val-Lys-Asp-Phe-Gln-Cys-Xaa3-Gly-Ala-Ser-Xaa3-Xaa3-Asn-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:121) Name: G12.1 Species: geographus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: AGCCTTGATACAGAGCTGGTATCTGCTGTTAATACTTGAAAGAACAAGTGCTGTGA GCCTTCATCTCTCTCTGACTTTAGTTTGGGTCCTGGAGAAAACCTTGACGGGCAGTA TGAAAATTTACCTGTGTCTTGCTTTTGTTCTGCTCCTGGCTTCTACCATAGTTGATTC AGGGCTTCTTGATAAAATTGAGACTATAAGAAACTGGAAACGCGATGACAGCTATT GTGATGGATGCCTATGCACCATATTAAAAAAAGAGACTTGCACATCGACTATGAGC TGCAGGGGAACATGCCGAAAAGAGTGGCCATGTTGGGAAGAAGACTGCTACTGTAC TGAAATCCAAGGTGGAGCTTGCGTCACACCCTCAGAATGCAAACCTGGAGAGTGTT GAGGATTGGAGTGGCCAGTTCCAGCACATACAGCACCATGGTGCCCTGGACAATCG TCTATTGAATTGAATATGCCTGTGGCAGGAATCTGTCCTACAAAATAAAAAAATCAT AAGTTAAAAAA (SEQ ID NO:122) Translation: MKIYLCLAFVLLLASTIVDSGLLDKIETIRNWKRDDSYCDGCLCTILKKETCTSTMSCRG TCRKEWPCWEEDCYCTEIQGGACVTPSECKPGEC (SEQ ID NO:123) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Asp-Ser-Xaa5-Gys-Asp-Gly-Cys-Leu-Cys-Thr-Ile-Leu-Lys-Lys-Xaa1-Thr-Cys-Thr-Ser- Thr-Met-Ser-Cys-Arg-Gly-Thr-Cys-Arg-Lys-Xaa1-Xaa4-Xaa3-Cys-Xaa4-Xaa1-Xaa1-Asp-Cys- Xaa5-Cys-Thr-Xaa1-Ile-Gln-Gly-Gly-Ala-Cys-Val-Thr-Xaa3-Ser-Xaa1-Cys-Lys-Xaa3-Gly- Xaa1-Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:124) Name: G12.2 Species geographus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: AACGTTGACGGGCAGTATGAACATTTACCTGTGTCTTGCTTTTCTTCTGTTCCTGCCT TCTACCATAGTTGATTCAGGGCTTCTTGATAAAATTGAGACAATAAGGAATTGGAGA CGTGATGAAAGCAAGTGTGATCGATGCAATTGCGCCGAATTAAGATCATCCAGATG CACACAAGCTATCTTCTGCCTTACACCGGAGTTATGGACACCGAGCATCTCATGTCC GACAGGTGAATGCCGCTGTACTAAGTTCCATGAGTCAAGATGCACTAGATTCGTAG AATGCGTACCTAATAAGTGTAGAGACGCATAGAGGCCAGTTCCAGCACATACAGCA CCATGATGCCCTGGACAATCGTGTTGTTGGATTGAATATGCCCGTGGCAGGAATCTG TCCTACAAAAAA (SEQ ID NO:125) Translation: MNIYLCLAFLLFLPSTLVDSGLLDKIETLIRNWRRDESKCDRCNCAELRSSRCTQAIFCLTPE LCTPSISCPTGECRCTKFHQSRCTRFVECVPNKCRDA (SEQ ID NO:126) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Xaa1-Ser-Lys-Cys-Asp-Arg-Cys-Asn-Cys-Ala-Xaa1-Leu-Arg-Ser-Ser-Arg-Cys-Thr-Gln- Ala-Ile-Phe-Cys-Leu-Thr-Xaa3-Xaa1-Leu-Cys-Thr-Xaa3-Ser-Ile-Ser-Cys-Xaa3-Thr-Gly-Xaa1- Cys-Arg-Cys-Thr-Lys-Phe-His-Gln-Ser-Arg-Cys-Thr-Arg-Phe-Val-Xaa1-Cys-Val-Xaa3-Asn- Lys-Cys-Arg-Asp-Ala-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:127) Name: Scratching,convulsion Species geographus Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Lys-Phe-Leu-Ser-Gly-Gly-Phe-Lys-Xaa1-Ile-Val-Cys-His-Arg-Xaa5-Cys-Ala-Lys-Gly-Ile-Ala- Lys-Xaa1-Phe-Cys-Asn-Cys-Xaa3-Asp-# (SEQ ID NO:128) Name: Contryphan-Im Species imperialis Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Cys-Gly-Gln-Ala-Xaa4-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:129) Name: Im9.1 Species: imperialis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GTTAAAATGCATCTGTCACTGGCAAGCTCAGCTGCTTTGATGTTGCTTCTGCTTTTTG CCTTGGGCAACTTCGTTGGGGTCCAGCCAGGACAAATAAGAGATCTGAACAAAGGA CAGCTCAAGGACAACCGCCGTAACCTGCAATCGCAGAGGAAACAAATGAGTCTCCT CAAGTCACTTCATGATCGAAATGGGTGTAACGGCAACACGTGTTCCAATAGCCCCT GCCCTAACAACTGTTATTGCGATACTGAGGACGACTGCCACCCTGACAGGCGTGAA CATTAGAGATTAGAGAGTTTCCTTGTCAACATGATGTCGCACCACACCTCTGCTCTG CAGTGTGTACATCGACCAGTCGACGCATCTGTTATTTCTTTGTCTGTTGGATTGTACA TCGACCAGTCCACGCATCTGTTATTTCTTTGTCTGTTTGATTTGTTTTCGTGTGTTCAT AACACACAGAGCCTTTCTATTATCTGTATTGCAATACACTTTGCCTGATAACCAGAA AGTCCAGTGCT (SEQ ID NO:130) Translation: MHLSLASSAALMLLLLFALGNFVGVQPGQRDLNKGQLKDNRRNLQSQRKQMSLLKSL HDRNGCNGNTCSNSPCPNNCYCDTEDDCHPDRREH (SEQ ID NO:131) Toxin Sequence: Asn-Gly-Cys-Asn-Gly-Asn-Thr-Cys-Ser-Asn-Ser-Xaa3-Cys-Xaa3-Asn-Asn-Cys-Xaa5-Cys- Asp-Thr-Xaa1-Asp-Asp-Cys-His-Xaa3-Asp-Arg-Arg-Xaa1-His-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:132) Name: La8.1 Species: laterculatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTCACCCTGGCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGGAAAACACACCCGAAGAGAGAGTTCCA TCGTATTCTGCTAAGGCCTGACAGACAGTCCGAAACGGCTTGTAGGTCGCTCGGAA GCTACCAATGTATGGGTAAATGCCAACTCGGGGTTCATTCCTGGTGTGAATGCATTT ATAACCGAGGTAGTCAGAAGTCTGGATGCGCGTGTAGGTGTCAAAAGTGATTAATT GACTCATTTAACTCGTTGAACGATTTAAAAAATCCAGAGCAATATGTTCGAGAAAA ACCGAAGACGAC (SEQ ID NO:133) Translation: MMSKMGAMFVLLLLFTLASSQQEGDVQARKTHPKREFHRILLRPDRQSETACRSLGSY QCMGKCQLGVHSWCECIYNRGSQKSGCACRCQK (SEQ ID NO:134) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Ser-Xaa1-Thr-Ala-Cys-Arg-Ser-Leu-Gly-Ser-Xaa5-Gln-Cys-Met-Gly-Lys-Cys-Gln-Leu- Gly-Val-His-Ser-Xaa4-Cys-Xaa1-Cys-Ile-Xaa5-Asn-Arg-Gly-Ser-Gln-Lys-Ser-Gly-Cys-Ala- Cys-Arg-Cys-Gln-Lys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:135) Name: Lv6.2 Species: lividus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGAAACTGACGTGTGTGGTGATCATCGCCGTGCTGTTCCTGACGGCCAGT CAGCTCATTACAGCTGATTACTCCAGAGATAAGCAGGAGTATCGTGCAGAGAGGCT GAGAGACGCAATGGGGAAATTCAAAGGTTCCAGGTCGTGCGGACATAGTGGTGCAG GTTGTTATACTCGCCCTTGCTGCCCTGGTCTGCATTGCTCTGGCGGCCAAGCTGGAG GCCTGTGCGTGTAATAGTAATAATCTGGCGTCTGATATTTCCAGTCTGTGCTCTACC CTCTTTTGCGTGAGTCATCCATACCTGTGCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:136) Translation: MKLTCVVIIAVLFLTASQLLTADYSRDKQEYRAERLRDAMGKFKGSRSCGHSGAGCYTR PCCPGLHCSGGQAGGLCV (SEQ ID NO:137) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Cys-Gly-His-Ser-Gly-Ala-Gly-Cys-Xaa5-Thr-Arg-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Gly-Leu-His-Cys- Ser-Gly-Gly-Gln-Ala-Gly-Gly-Leu-Cys-Val-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:138) Name: Lv6.3 Species: lividus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGAAACTGACGTGTGTGGTGATCATATCCGTGCTGTTCCTGACGGCCAGT GAGTTCCTTAGAGCTGATTACTCCAGAGATAAGCGGCAGTACCGTGCTGTGAGGTTG AGAGACGCAATGCGGAATTTCAAAGGTACCAGGGACTGCGGGGAATCAGGTCAAG GTTGCTATAGTGTACGTCCTTGCTGCCCTGGTCTGATTTGCAAAGGCACCGGTGGTG GAGGCCTGTGCCGGCCCTCTGGCATCTGATATCTCCCCTCTGTGCTCCACCCTCTTTT GCCTGAGTCATCCATACCTGTGCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:139) Translation: MKLTCVVIISVLFLTASEFLTADYSRDKRQYRAVRLRDAMRNFKGTRDCGESGQGCYS VRPCCPGLICKGTGGGGLCRPSGI (SEQ ID NO:140) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Cys-Gly-Xaa1-Ser-Gly-Gln-Gly-Cys-Xaa5-Ser-Val-Arg-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Gly-Leu-Ile- Cys-Lys-Gly-Thr-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Leu-Cys-Arg-Xaa3-Ser-Gly-Ile-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:141) Name: Convulsant Species: magus Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Val-Xaa5-Xaa1-Thr-His-Xaa3-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:142) Name: MAG-1 Species: magus Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Arg-Xaa3-Lys-Asn-Ser-Xaa4-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:143) Name: MAG-2 Species: magus Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Ala-Arg-Xaa3-Lys-Asn-Ser-Xaa4-? (SEQ ID NO:144) Name: MAG-3 Species: magus Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Arg-Xaa5-Lys-Asn-Ser-Xaa4-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:145) Name: Mi6.2 Species: miles Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGAAACTGACGTGCGTGGTGATCGTCGCCGTGCTGTTCCTGACGGCCTGT CAACTCATTACTGCTGCGAATTACGCCAGAGATGAACAGGAGTACCCCGCTGTGAG GTCGAGCGACGTGATGCAGGATTCCGAAGACTTGACGTTGACCAAGAAATGCACGG ACGATTCTCAGTTCTGTAACCCTTCGAATCATGACTGCTGCAGTGGGAAGTGTATCG ACGAAGGAGACAACGGCATATGGGCTATAGTCCCTGAAAACTCTTAACAATGTATA CTGACATTTCCCCCTCTGTGCTCCGCCGTCCGTGGCCTGACTCGTCCATCCTTGGGCG TGGTCATGAACCGCTCGGTT (SEQ ID NO:146) Translation: MIKLTCVVIVAVLFLTACQLITAANYARDEQEYPAVRSSDVMQDSEDLTLTKKCIDDSQ FCNPSNHDCCSGKCDEGDNGICAIVPENS (SEQ ID NO:147) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Thr-Asp-Asp-Ser-Gln-Phe-Cys-Asn-Xaa3-Ser-Asn-His-Asp-Cys-Cys-Ser-Gly-Lys-Cys-Ile- Asp-Xaa1-Gly-Asp-Asn-Gly-Ile-Cys-Ala-Ile-Val-Xaa3-Xaa1-Asn-Ser-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:148) Name: Mi6.3 Species: miles Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGAAACTGACGTGTGTGGTGATCGTCGGCGTGCTGTTCCTGACGGCCTGT CAACTCATTACTGCTGCGAATTACGCCAGAGATGAACAGGAGTACCCTGCTGTGAG GTCGAGCGACGTGATGCAGGATTCCGAAGACCTGACGTTGACCAAGAAATGCACGG AGGATTCTCAGTTCTGTAACCCTTCGAATCATGACTGCTGCAGTGGGAAGTGTATCG ACGAAGGAGACAACGGCATATGCGCTATAGTCCCTGAAAAGTCTTAACAATGTATA CTGACATTTCGCCCTCTGTGCTCCGCCGTCCGTGGCCTGACTCGTCCATCCTTGGGCG TGGTCATGAACCGCTCG (SEQ ID NO:149) Translation: MKLTCVVIVAVLFLTACQLITAANYARDEQEYPAVRSSDVMQDSEDLTLTKKICTEDSQF CNPSNHDCCSGKCIDEGDNGICAIVPENS (SEQ ID NO:150) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Thr-Xaa1-Asp-Ser-Gln-Phe-Gys-Asn-Xaa3-Ser-Asn-His-Asp-Cys-Cys-Ser-Gly-Lys-Cys- Ile-Asp-Xaa1-Gly-Asp-Asn-Gly-Ile-Cys-Ala-Ile-Val-Xaa3-Xaa1-Asn-Ser-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:151) Name: Mf6.1 Species: miliaris Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGAACTGACGTGTGTGGTGATCATCGCCGTGCTGTTCCTGACGGCCTGTC AACTCACTACAGCTGTGACTTCCTCCAGAGGTCAACAGAAGCATCGTGCTCTGAGGT CAACTGACAAAAACTCCAGGATGACCAAGCGTTGCACGCCTCCAGGTGGACTCTGT TACCATGCTTATCCCTGCTGCAGCAAGACTTGCAATCTCGATACCAGGCAATGTGAG CCTAGGTGGTCATGAACCACTCAATACCCTCTCCTCTGGAGGCTTCAGAGGAACTAC ATTGAAATAAAACCGCATTGCAACGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA (SEQ ID NO:152) Translation: LTCVVIIAVLFLTACQLTTAVTSSRGQQKHRALRSIDKNSRMTKRCTPPGGLCYHAYPC CSKTCNLDTSQCEPRWS (SEQ ID NO:153) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Thr-Xaa3-Xaa3-Gly-Gly-Leu-Cys-Xaa5-His-Ala-Xaa5-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-Ser-Lys-Thr-Cys- Asn-Leu-Asp-Thr-Ser-Gln-Cys-Xaa1-Xaa3-Arg-Xaa4-Ser-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:154) Name: Mn10.3 Species monachus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: tgtgtgtgtgtggttctgggtccaGCATCTGATGTCAGGAATGCCGCAGTCCACGAAAGACAGAAG GATCTGGTCGTTACGGCCACCACGACTTGCTGTGGTTATAATCCGATGACAATGTGC CCTCCTTGCATGTGCACTAATACCTGCAAAAAAAGTGGCTGATGGTCCAGGACCCTC TGAACCACGACGT (SEQ ID NO:155) Translation: SDVRNAAVHERQKDLVVTATTTCCGYNPMTMCPPCMCTNTCKKSG (SEQ ID NO:156) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Lys-Asp-Leu-Val-Val-Thr-Ala-Thr-Thr-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Asn-Xaa3-Met-Thr-Met- Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Met-Cys-Thr-Asn-Thr-Cys-Lys-Lys-Ser-# (SEQ ID NO:157) Name: Mn8.1 Species monachus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTCACCCTGGCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGGAAAACAAGCCTGAAGAGCGACTTCTA TCGTGCTCTGAGAGGGTATGACAGACAGTGCACTCTTGTCAACAATTGTGACCGGA ACGGTGAGCGTGCGTGTAACGGTGATTGCTCTTGCGAGGGCCAGATTTGTAAATGC GGTTATAGAGTCAGTCCTGGGAAGTCAGGATGCGCGTGTACTTGTAGAAATGCCAA ATGAATCATTTAACTCGTTGAAAGATTTTTTTAAAAATCCAGAGCTATATGTTCGAGA AAAACCGAAGAC (SEQ ID NO:158) Translation: MMSKMGAMIFVLLLLFTLASSQQEGDVQARKTSLKSDFYRALRGYDRQCTLVNNCDRN GERACNGDCSCEGQICKCGYRVSPGKSGCACTCRNAK (SEQ ID NO:159) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Cys-Thr-Leu-Val-Asn-Asn-Cys-Asp-Arg-Asn-Gly-Xaa1-Arg-Ala-Cys-Asn-Gly-Asp-Cys- Ser-Cys-Xaa1-Gly-Gln-Ile-Cys-Lys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Arg-Val-Ser-Xaa3-Gly-Lys-Ser-Gly-Cys- Ala-Cys-Thr-Cys-Arg-Asn-Ala-Lys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:160) Name: Pn1.3 Species: pennaceus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGCTGACTGCATCTGCACCTAGCG TTGATGCCAAAGTTCATCTGAAGACCAAAGGTGATGGGCCCCTGTCATCTTTCCGAG ATAATGCAAAGAGTAGCCTACAAAGACTTCAGGACAAAAGCACTTGCTGTGGCTTT AAGATGTGTATTCCTTGTCGTTAACCAGCATGAAGGATCC (SEQ ID NO:161) Translation: MRCLPVFVTLLLLTASAPSVDAKVHLKTKGDGPLSSFRDNAKSTLQRLQDKSTCCGFKM CIPCR (SEQ ID NO:162) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Phe-Lys-Met-Cys-Ile-Xaa3-Cys-Arg-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:163) Name: Pn9.1 Species: pennaceus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGTTGCTTCTGCTGTTTGCCTTGGGCAGCTTCGTTGTGGTCCAGTCAGGACAGATA ACAAGAGATGTGGACAATGGGCAGCTCGCGGACAACCGCCGTACCCTGCGATCGCA GTGGAAGCAAGTGAGTTTTCTTCAAGTCACTTGATAAACGACTGACTTGTAACGATCC TTGCCAGATGCATTCCGATTGCGGCATATGTGAATGCGTGGAAAATAAATGCATATT TTTCATGTAAACGGATTGAGTTTGCTTGTCAACACAATGTCGCACTGCAGCTCTTCT CTACCGGTGGGTACATGGACCAAACGACGCATCTTTTATTTCTTTGTCTGTTTCGTTT GTTCTCCTGTGTTCATAACGTACAGAGCCCTTTAACTACCCTTACTGCTCTTCACTTA ACCTGATAACCTGAAGGTCCGGTGCAGCTGGCGTAGCCTTCACAGTTTCG (SEQ ID NO:164) Translation: MLLLLFALGSFVVVQSGQITRDVDNGQLADNRRTLRSQWKQVSFFKSLDKRLTCNDPC QMHSDCGICECVENKCIFFM (SEQ ID NO:165) Toxin Sequence: Leu-Thr-Cys-Asn-Asp-Xaa3-Cys-Gln-Met-His-Ser-Asp-Cys-Gly-Ile-Cys-Xaa1-Cys-Val-Xaa1- Asn-Lys-Cys-Ile-Phe-Phe-Met-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:166) Name: Pu6.1 Species: pulicarius Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGAAACTGACGTGTGTGGTGATCGTCGCCGTGCTGTTCCTGACGGCCTGTCAACTC AGTACAGCTGATGACTCCAGAGATGAGCAGCAGGATCCTTTGGTGAGGTCGCATCG TGAGGAGCAGAAAGCCGAGGACCCCAAGACGGCCGAGAGATGTTCAGATTTCGGA TCCGACTGTGTTCCTGCTACTCATAACTGCTGGAGTGGTGAATGTTTTGGCTTCGAG GACTTCGGGTTATGCACGTAAAACTGGTCTGACGTCTGATATTCCCCCCTCTGTCCTT CATCCTCTTTTGCCTGATTCATCCATACCTATATGTGCTCCTGAACCGCTGTGTACCT TTACCCTGGTGGCTTCAGAGGACGTTATATCAAAATAAAACGGCGTTGCAATGACA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA (SEQ ID NO:167) Translation: MKLTCVVIVAVLFLTACQLSTADDSRDEQQDPLVRSHREEQKAEDPKTAERCSDFGSDC VPATHNCCSGECFGFEDFGLCT (SEQ ID NO:168) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Ser-Asp-Phe-Gly-Ser-Asp-Cys-Val-Xaa3-Ala-Thr-His-Asn-Cys-Cys-Ser-Gly-Xaa1-Cys- Phe-Gly-Phe-Xaa1-Asp-Phe-Gly-Leu-Cys-Thr-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:169) Name: Bromosleeper-P1 Species purpurascens Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GACAGGATTGAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAAGATTTGGAATCATGGTGCTAACCTTT CTACTTCTTGTGTCCATGGCAACCAGCCATCGTTATGCAAGAGGGAAGCAGGCGAC GCGAAGGAACGCAATCAACATCAGACGGAGAAGCACACCAAAAACTGAGGCGTGC GAAGAGGTCTGTGAGCTGGAAGAAAAGCACTGCTGCTGCATAAGAAGTGACGGAC CCAAATGTTCCCGTAAGTGCCTGTTGTCAATCTTCTGTTAGTTTCTGTACACTGTCTC ATTCATTATCTTATCAGTACAAGTGTAAACGAGACATGTCAGAAAGTCGAAGGTTGT GCGTAATTTGATAAGTATTGTTTGCTGGGATGAACGGA (SEQ ID NO:170) Translation: MSRFGIMVLTFLLLVSMATSHRYARGKQATRRNAINIRRRSTPKTEACEEVCELEEKHC CCIRSDGPKCSRKCLLSIFC (SEQ ID NO:171) Toxin Sequence: Xaa3-Lys-Thr-Xaa1-Ala-Cys-Xaa1-Xaa1-Val-Cys-Xaa1-Leu-Xaa1-Xaa1-Lys-His-Cys-Cys-Cys- Ile-Arg-Ser-Asp-Gly-Xaa3-Lys-Cys-Ser-Arg-Lys-Cys-Leu-Leu-Ser-Ile-Phe-Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:172) Name: Bromosleeper-P2 Species purpurascens Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GACAGGATTGAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAGGATTGGGAATCATGGTGCTAACCCTT CTACTTCTTGTGTCCATGGCAACCAACCATCAGGATAGAGGAGAGAAGCAGGTGAC GCAAAGGGACGCAATCAACGTCAGACGGAGAAGATCAATCACCCAGCAAGTCGTA TCTGAGGAGTGCAAAAAGTACTGTAAGAAACAGAACAAGAATTGCTGCAGCAGTAA ACATGAAGAACCCAGATGTGCCAAGATATGCTTCGGATAGTTTGTGTACACGGTCTC ATTCATTATTTTATCAGTACAAGTTAAACGAGACCTATCAGAAGTCGAAGGTTGTGC ATAATTTGATAAACATTGTTTGCTGGGATGAACGGA (SEQ ID NO:173) Translation: MSGLGIMVLTLLLLVSMATNHQDRGEKQVTQRDALNVRRRRSITQQVVSEECKKYCKK QNXNCCSSKHEEPRCAKICFG (SEQ ID NO:174) Toxin Sequence: Val-Val-Ser-Xaa1-Xaa1-Cys-Lys-Lys-Xaa5-Cys-Lys-Lys-Gln-Asn-Lys-Asn-Cys-Cys-Ser-Ser- Lys-His-Xaa1-Xaa1-Xaa3-Arg-Cys-Ala-Lys-Ile-Cys-Phe-# (SEQ ID NO:175) Name: P29 Species: purpurascens Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Asp-Cys-Cys-Gly-Val-Lys-Leu-Xaa1-Met-Cys-His-Xaa3-Cys-Leu-Cys-Asp-Asn-Ser-Cys-Lys- Asn-Xaa5-Gly-Lys-# (SEQ ID NO:176) Name: P4.1 Species: purpurascens Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCTTCACTTCAG ATCGTGCATCGGATGACAGGAATACCAACGACAAAGCATCTCGCCTGCTCTCTCAC GTTGTCAGGGGATGCTGTGGTAGCTATCCCAATGCTGCCTGTCATCCTTGCGGTTGT AAAGATAGGCCATCGTATTGTGGTCAAGGACGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAAC CACGACGT (SEQ ID NO:177) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSFTSDRASDDRNTNDKASRLLSHVVRGCCGSYPNAACHPCGCK DRPSYCGQGR (SEQ ID NO:178) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Cys-Gly-Ser-Xaa5-Xaa3-Asn-Ala-Ala-Cys-His-Xaa3-Cys-Gly-Cys-Lys-Asp-Arg- Xaa3-Ser-Xaa5-Cys-Gly-Gln-# (SEQ ID NO:179) Name: P4.2 Species: purpurascens Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCTTCACCGTAG ATCGTGCAACTGATGGCAGGAGTGGTGCAGCCATAGCGTTTGCCCTGATCGGTCCGA CCGTCCGGGAAGGATGCTGTTCTAATCCTGCCTGTCATCCTTGCGGTTGTAAAGATA GGCCATCGTATTGTGGTCAAGGACGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACGACGACG T (SEQ ID NO:180) Translation: METVFLLVVLATTVVSFTVDRAIDGRSAAALAFALLAPTVREGCCSNPACHPCGCKDRP SYCGQGR (SEQ ID NO:181) Toxin Sequence: Xaa1-Gly-Cys-Cys-Ser-Asn-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-His-Xaa3-Cys-Gly-Cys-Lys-Asp-Arg-Xaa3-Ser- Xaa5-Cys-Gly-Gln-# (SEQ ID NO:182) Name: P8.1 Species purpurascens Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTCACCCTGGCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGGAAAACACGCCTGACGAGGGACTTCTA TCGTACTCTGCCAGTGTCTACTAGAGGATGCAGCGGCTCCCCTTGTTTTAAAAACAA AACGTGTCGGGATGAATGCATATGCGGGGGCTTATCCAATTGTTGGTGTGGCTACGG CGGTAGTCGAGGATGCAAGTGTACATGTAGAGAGTGATTAATCGACTCTTTAACTC GTTGAATTATTTAAAAAATCCAGAGCAATATGTTCGAGAAAAACCGAAGAC (SEQ ID NO:183) Translation: MMSKMGAMFVLLLLFTLASSQQEGDVQARKTRLTRDFYRTLPVSTRGCSGSPCFKNKT CRDECICGGLSNCWCGYGGSRGCKCTCRE (SEQ ID NO:184) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Ser-Gly-Ser-Xaa3-Cys-Phe-Lys-Asn-Lys-Thr-Gys-Arg-Asp-Xaa1-Cys-Ile-Cys-Gly- Gly-Leu-Ser-Asn-Cys-Xaa4-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Gly-Gly-Ser-Arg-Gly-Cys-Lys-Cys-Thr-Cys-Arg- Xaa1-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:185) Name: U021 homolog Species purpurascens Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: CGACCTCAAGAGGGATCGATAGCAGTTCATGATGTCTAAACTGGGAGCCTTGTTGA CCATCTGTCTGCTTCTGTTTCCCATTACTGCTCTTCTGATGGATGGAGATCAACCTGC AGACCGACCTGCAGAACGTATGGATTACGACATTTCATCTGAGGTGCATCGTTTGCT TGAAAGGAGACACCCGCCCTGTTGCATGTACGGCAGATGCCGTCGATATCCCGGAT GCTCTAGTGCCTCTTGTTGCCAGGGAGGATAACGTGTTGATGACCAACTTTGTTACA CGGCTACGTCAAGTGTCTACTGAATAAGTAAAACGATTGCAGT (SEQ ID NO:186) Translation: MMSKLGALLTICLLLFPITALLMDGDQPADRPAERMDYDISSEVHRLLERRHPPCCMYG RCRRYPGCSSASCCQGG (SEQ ID NO:187) Toxin Sequence: His-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-Met-Xaa5-Gly-Arg-Cys-Arg-Arg-Xaa5-Xaa3-Gly-Cys-Ser-Ser-Ala- Ser-Cys-Cys-Gln-Gly-# (SEQ ID NO:188) Name: ψ-PIIIF Species purpurascens Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Gly-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-Leu-Xaa5-Gly-Ser-Cys-Arg-Xaa3-Phe-Xaa3-Gly-Cys-XaaS-Asn-Ala- Leu-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-# (SEQ ID NO:189) Name: Qc6.4 Species quercinus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGAAACTGACGTGCGTGGTGATCATCGCCGTGCTGTTTCTGACAGCCAGT CAGCTCGTTACAGCTGATTACACCAGAGATAAATGGCAATACCCTGCAGCGAGTTT GAGAGGCGGAATGTGGAATTTGAGAGATACCAGGGCGTGCTCGCAAGTAGGTGAA GCTTGTTTTCCTCAGAAACCTTGCTGCCCTGGATTCCTTTGCAATCACATCGGAGGC ATGTGCCACCACTAGTAACAGTCTGGCATCTGATATTTCCCCTCTGCGCTCCACCCT CTTTTGGCTGATTCATCCTTACCTGTGTGTGGTCATGAACCACTCAGTAGCTACACCT CTGGTGGCTTCAGAGGACGTATATCAAAATAAAAGCACATTGCAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAA (SEQ ID NO:190) Translation: MKLTCVVIIAVLFLTASQLVTADYTRDKWQYPAASLRGGMWNLRDTRACSQVGEACFP QKPCCPGFLCNHIGGMCHH (SEQ ID NO:191) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Cys-Ser-Gln-Val-Gly-Xaa1-Ala-Cys-Phe-Xaa3-Gln-Lys-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Gly-Phe-Leu- Cys-Asn-His-Ile-Gly-Gly-Met-Cys-His-His-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:192) Name: QcII Species quercinus Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Asp-Cys-Gln-Xaa3-Cys-Gly-His-Asn-Val-Cys-Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:193) Name: EST171 Species: radiatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: CATGAACTGTCTCGTACTGGCTTTGGTTACCATCGGTCTTCTGGCTGCAACAACCGC AGCCCCTCTGGACACCACCACGGTCCTCCTCAGCACAACTACACGCGATGTCAAGG GCTGTGTGTACGAGGGCATAGAGTACAGTGTCGGAGAGACCTACCAGGCAGACTGC AACACGTGTCGCTGTGATGGCTTTGACCTGGCTACATGCACCGTCGCGGGCTGCACA GGCTTTGGACCCGAGTGATTGGTACTATTCCACACCTAGCAATGTTCACACTGGAAC CGGAACTTGATACTACCTTCTAAATATAATCAATTTGTTTCAAAAGGCCCAAA (SEQ ID NO:194) Translation: MNCLVLALVTIGLLAATTAAPLDTTTVLLSTTTRDVKGCVYEGIEYSVGETYQADCNTC RCDGFDLATCTVAGCTGFGPE (SEQ ID NO:195) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Val-Xaa5-Xaa1-Gly-Ile-Xaa1-Xaa5-Ser-Val-Gly-Xaa1-Thr-Xaa5-Gln-Ala-Asp-Cys- Asn-Thr-Cys-Arg-Cys-Asp-Gly-Phe-Asp-Leu-Ala-Thr-Cys-Thr-Val-Ala-Gly-Cys-Thr-Gly-Phe- Gly-Xaa3-Xaa1-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:196) Name: EST202 Species: radiatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GTGAGAGTCCAACAGCCCAAACCTTTCAACTCACTATGTGGCAGTTGCAGTTTTCAA CGTCTGGACAGGATTCAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAGGATTGGGAATCATGGTGCTA ACCCTTCTACTTCTTGTGTCCATGGCAACCAGTCGTCAGGATAGAGGAGTGGGACAG CTGATGCCACGCGTCTCGTTCAAAGCCTGCAAATCAAATTATGATTGCCCCGAGCGT TTCAAATGCTGCAGTTACACCTGGAATGGATCCAGTGGATACTGTAAACGTGTTTGC TATCTTTATCGTTAGTGTAATACACAAAGTGACTCTGTTCATTCCTCTCCATCATCTC TTTAGAAACAACACGGTGTCGAGATCGTTTCTTTGTGATGAAGAGTAGTATCACGGG CAGAGTTCACTAGAGATCTCAAATGAAAAACAAGATTATTTAGTAAGTTGGGGAAA ATCTGGATCTCGAAAAGATTCCTTGAAAACTCCGTATTTAACACGCTTGAGAGATGA TAATAAAGAATTCTGAAAGACaAA (SEQ ID NO:197) Translation: MSGLGIMVLTLLLLVSMATSRQDRGVGQLMPRVSFKACKSNYDCPQRFKCCSYTWNG SSGYCKRVCYLYR (SEQ ID NO:198) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Cys-Lys-Ser-Asn-Xaa5-Asp-Cys-Xaa3-Gln-Arg-Phe-Lys-Cys-Cys-Ser-Xaa5-Thr-Xaa4- Asn-Gly-Ser-Ser-Gly-Xaa5-Cys-Lys-Arg-Val-Cys-Xaa5-Leu-Xaa5-Arg-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:199) Name: R8.1 Species: radiatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTCACCCTGGCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGGAAAACACACCCGAAGAGAGAGTTCCA ACGTATTCTGCTAAGGTCTGGCAGAAAGTGCAATTTCGACAAATGTAAAGGTACCG GAGTCTACAATTGTGGGGAATCCTGCTCATGCGAAGGTTTGCACAGTTGTCGCTGCA CTTATAACATCGGTTCTATGAAGTCTGGATGCGCGTGTATTTGTACATACTATTAAT GATTAATTGACTCGTTTAACTCGTTGAACGATTTAAAAAATCCAGAGCAATATGTTC GAGAAAAACCGAAGAC (SEQ ID NO:200) Translation: MMSKMGAMFVLLLLFTLASSQQEGDVQARKTHIPKREFQRILLRSGRKCNFDKCKGTGV YNCGESCSCEGLHSCRCTYNIGSMKSGCACICTYY (SEQ ID NO:201) Toxin Sequence: Lys-Cys-Asn-Phe-Asp-Lys-Cys-Lys-Gly-Thr-Gly-Val-Xaa5-Asn-Cys-Gly-Xaa1-Ser-Cys-Ser- Cys-Xaa1-Gly-Leu-His-Ser-Cys-Arg-Cys-Thr-Xaa5-Asn-Ile-Gly-Ser-Met-Lys-Ser-Gly-Cys-Ala- Cys-Ile-Cys-Thr-Xaa5-Xaa5-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:202) Name: R8.2 Species radiatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTCACCCTGGCATCCA GGCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGGAAAACACGCCTGACGAGCGACTTCTA TAGTGTTCTGCAAAGGTATGGACTAGGATGCGCTGGCACTTGTGGTTCAAGCAGCA ATTGTGTTAGAGATTATTGTGACTGCCCAAAACCCAATTGTTACTGCACTGGCAAAG GCTTTCGTCAACCAGGATGCGGGTGTTCATGTTTTGGGGTGATTAATTGGCTCTTTTA ACTCGTTGAACGATTTAAAAAATCCAGAGCAATATGTTCGAGAAAAACCGAAGAC (SEQ ID NO:203) Translation: MMSKMGAMFVLLLLFTLASRQQEGDVQARKTRLTSDFYSVLQRYGLGCAGTCGSSSN CVRDYCDCPKIPNCYCTGKGFRQPGCGCSCLG (SEQ ID NO:204) Toxin Sequence: Xaa5-Gly-Leu-Gly-Cys-Ala-Gly-Thr-Cys-Gly-Ser-Ser-Ser-Asn-Cys-Val-Arg-Asp-Xaa5-Cys- Asp-Cys-Xaa3-Lys-Xaa3-Asn-Cys-Xaa5-Cys-Thr-Gly-Lys-Gly-Phe-Arg-Gln-Xaa3-Gly-Cys- Gly-Cys-Ser-Cys-Leu-# (SEQ ID NO:205) Name: Bromosleeper-Sn Species: sponsalis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GACAGGATTGAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAGGATTGGGAATCATGGTGCTGACCCTT TTGCTTCTTGTGTCCATGGCAACCAGCCATAAGGATGGAGGAGAGAAGCAGGCGAT GCAAAGGGAGGCAATCAACGTCAGACTGAGAAGATCACTCACTCGGAGAGCAGTA ACTGAGGCGTGCACGGAGGACTGTAAGACTCAGGACAAGAAGTGCTGCGGCGAAA TGAATGGACAACACACATGTGCCAAGATATGCCTCGGATAGTCTCTGTACGCTGTCT CATTCATTATCTCATCAGTACAAGTGTAAACGAGACAGGTCAGAAAGTCGAAGGTT GTTCGAAATTTGATAAGCATTGTTTACTGGGACGAACGGA (SEQ ID NO:206) Translation: MSGLGIMVLTLLLLVSMATSHKDGGEKQAMQRDAINVRLRRSLTRRAVTEACTEDCKT QDKKCCGEMNGQHTCAKICLG (SEQ ID NO:207) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Val-Thr-Xaa1-Ala-Cys-Thr-Xaa1-Asp-Cys-Lys-Thr-Gln-Asp-Lys-Lys-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa1- Met-Asn-Gly-Gln-His-Thr-Cys-Ala-Lys-Ile-Cys-Leu-# (SEQ ID NO:208) Name: Contryphan-Sm-dW4, V7 Species: stercusmuscarum Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa4-Gln-Xaa3-Val-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:209) Name: Conopressin-S Species: striatus Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Cys-Ile-Ile-Arg-Asn-Cys-Xaa3-Arg-Gly-# (SEQ ID NO:210) Name: S6.4 Species: striatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: AGGTCGACTCGCTGCTTGCCTGACGGAACGTCTTGCCTTTTTAGTAGGATCAGATGC TGCGGTACTTGCAGTTCAATCTTAAAGTCATGTGTGAGCTGATCCAGCGGTTGATCT TCCTCCCTCTGTGCTCCATCCTTTTCTGCCTGAGTTCTCCTTACCTGAGAGTGGTCAT GAACCACTCATCACCTACTCTTCTGGAGGCTTCAGAGGAGCTACAGTGAAATAAAA GCCGCATTGC (SEQ ID NO:211) Translation: STRCLPDGTSCLFSRTRCCGTCSSILKSCVS (SEQ ID NO:212) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Leu-Xaa3-Asp-Gly-Thr-Ser-Cys-Leu-Phe-Ser-Arg-Ile-Arg-Cys-Cys-Gly-Thr-Cys-Ser-Ser- Ile-Leu-Lys-Ser-Cys-Val-Ser-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:213) Name: U010 homolog Species striatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: CGGCTTCTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCAAGCAGTGGTAACAACGCAGAGTACGCG GGGGGACGGCAGACCAGCTGGGGACCAGACAGACGTCAAACAGCATCGCAGTCAG GTGTGGAGATCCCAAGACACCCAGAAGAAGGAGACAGAAGAGTTATCGTTCGTAAC ACAATGGCCATGAACATGTCGATGACACTCTGCATGTTTGTAATGGTCGTCGTGGCA GCCACTGTCATTGATTCCACTCAGTTACAAGAACCAGATCTCAGTCGCATGCGACGC AGCGGGCCTGCTGACTGTTGCAGGATGAAAGAGTGTTGCACCGACAGAGTGAACGA GTgTCTACAGCGCTATTCTGGCCGGGAAGATAAATTCGTTTCGTTTTGTTATCAGGA GGCCACAGTCACATGTGGATCTTTTAACGAAATCGTGGGCTGTTGCTATGGATATCA AATGTGCATGATACGAGTTGTGAAACCGAACAGTCTAAGTGGGGCCCATGAGGCGT GCAAAACCGTTTCTTGTGGTAACCCTTGCGCTTGAGGTGTCCTCGCGCCACGTCACC TGTGTACAGCGCCGTCACCAGAGCCCTGATCTTTATGCCCTTATCTGTCTTTTTGCTC TTTCACTCTCTGAAGTCTTGAGGTTTGTTCCATTCTTGTCAATCATCTCACGCGCATC CAAGTAAATAAAGGTGACGTGACAAAC (SEQ ID NO:214) Translation: MAMNMSMTLCMEVMVVVAATVIIDSTQLQEPDLSRMRRSGPADCCRMKECCIDRVNE CLQRYSGREDKFVSFCYQEATVTCGSFNEIVGCCYGYQMCMIRVVKPNSLSGAHEACK TVSCGNIPCA (SEQ ID NO:215) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Gly-Xaa3-Ala-Asp-Cys-Cys-Arg-Met-Lys-Xaa1-Cys-Cys-Thr-Asp-Arg-Val-Asn-Xaa1-Cys- Leu-Gln-Arg-Xaa5-Ser-Gly-Arg-Xaa1-Asp-Lys-Phe-Val-Ser-Phe-Cys-Xaa5-Gln-Xaa1-Ala-Thr- Val-Thr-Gys-Gly-Ser-Phe-Asn-Xaa1-Ile-Val-Gly-Cys-Cys-Xaa5-Gly-Xaa5-Gln-Met-Cys-Met- Ile-Arg-Val-Val-Lys-Xaa3-Asn-Ser-Leu-Ser-Gly-Ala-His-Xaa1-Ala-Cys-Lys-Thr-Val-Ser-Cys- Gly-Asn-Xaa3-Cys-Ala-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:216) Name: WG002 Species: striatus Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Xaa4-Ser-Xaa4-Arg-Met-Gly-Asn-Gly-Asp-Arg-Arg-Ser-Asp-Gln-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:217) Name: Sx8.1 Species: striolatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTGACCCTGGCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAGGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGGAAAACAAGCCTGAAGAGCGACTTCTA TCGTGCTCTGAGACCGTATGACAGACAGTGCACTTTTGTCAACAATTGTCAACAGAA CGGTGCGTGTAACGGTGATTGCTCTTGCGGGGACCAGATTTGTAAATGCGGTTATAG AATCAGTCCTGGGAGGTCAGGATGCGCGTGTACTTGTAGAAATGCCAAATGAATCA CTTAACTCGTTGAAAGATTTTTAAAAATCCAGAGCTATATGTTCGAGAAAAACCGA AGAC (SEQ ID NO:218) Translation: MMSKMGAMFVLLLLLTLASSQQEGDVQARKTSLKSDFYRALRPYDRQCTFVNNCQQN GACNGDCSCGDQICKCGYRISPGRSGCACTCRNAK (SEQ ID NO:219) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Cys-Thr-Phe-Val-Asn-Asn-Cys-Gln-Gln-Asn-Gly-Ala-Cys-Asn-Gly-Asp-Cys-Ser-Cys- Gly-Asp-Gln-Ile-Cys-Lys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Arg-Ile-Ser-Xaa3-Gly-Arg-Ser-Gly-Cys-Ala-Cys-Thr- Cys-Arg-Asn-Ala-Lys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:220) Name: Ts6.3 Species: tessulatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGAAACTGACGTGTGTGGTGATCATCGCCGTGCTGTTCCTGACGGCCTGT CAATTCATTATAGCTGATTTCTCCAGAGATAAGCGGGTACATCGTGCAGAGAGGTTG AGAGACATAATGCAGAATTTCAGAGGTACCAGGTCGTGCGCGGAATTTGGTGAAGT TTGTAGTTCTACCGCTTGCTGCCCTGATTTGGATTGCGTTGAGGCCTATTCACCCATC TGTCTCTGGGAATAGTCTGGCATCTGATATTTCCCGTCTGTGCTCTACCTACTTCTGC CGGATTCATCCATACCTATGTGTGGCCATGAACCACTCAGTACCTACACCTCTGGTG GCTTCCTAGGGACGTATATCAAAATAAAACCACATTGCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA (SEQ ID NO:221) Translation: MKLTCVVIIAVLFLTACQFIIADFSRDKRVHRAERLRDLMQNFRGTRSCAEFGEVCSSTA CCPDLDCVEAYSPICLWE (SEQ ID NO:222) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Cys-Ala-Xaa1-Phe-Gly-Xaa1-Val-Cys-Ser-Ser-Thr-Ala-Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Asp-Leu-Asp-Cys- Val-Xaa1-Ala-Xaa5-Ser-Xaa3-Ile-Cys-Leu-Xaa4-Xaa1-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:223) Name: 4/43 SNX Species: textile Isolated: Yes Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: CGATTGCAGGGGTTaCGATGCGCCGTGTAGCTCTGGCGCGCCATGTTGTGATTGGTG GACATGTTCAGCACGAACCAACCGCTGTTTTTAGGCTGACCACAAGCCATCGGACAT CACCACTCTCCTCTTCAGAGGCTTCAAGGCTTTTTGTTCTCCTTTTGAAGAATCTTTA CGAGTGAACAAACAAGTAGAATAGCACGTTTTTCCCCCTTTGAAAAATCAATAATG GAGGTTAAACAAAACTGTCTTCTTCAATAAAGATTTTATCATAAT (SEQ ID NO:224) Translation: IQGGGDERQKAKINFLSRSDRDCRGYDAPCSSGAPCCDWWTCSARTNRCF (SEQ ID NO:225) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Cys-Arg-Gly-Xaa5-Asp-Ala-Xaa3-Cys-Ser-Ser-Gly-Ala-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-Asp-Xaa4-Xaa4- Thr-Cys-Ser-Ala-Arg-Thr-Asn-Arg-Cys-Phe-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:226) Name: convulsion Species textile Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Asn-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa5-Cys-Val-Val-Xaa5-Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Ala-Xaa5-Cys-Xaa1-Ala-Ser-Gly- Cys-Arg-Xaa3-Xaa3-# (SEQ ID NO:227) Name: Tx1.6 Species: textile Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGCACTGTCTCCCAATCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGCTGACTGCATCTGGACCTAGCG TTGATGGCCAACTGAAGACCAAAGATGATGTGCCCCTGTCATCTTTCCGAGATCATG CAAAGAGTACCCTACGAAGACTTCAGGACAAACAGACTTGCTGTGGCTATAGGATG TGTGTTCCTTGTGGTTAACCAGCATGAAGGATCC (SEQ ID NO:228) Translation: MHCLPIFVILLLLTASGPSVDAQLKTKDDVPLSSFRDHAKSTLRRLQDKQTCCGYRMCV PCG (SEQ ID NO:229) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Arg-Met-Cys-Val-Xaa3-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:230) Name: Tx6.14 Species textile Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GTTATGGAGCGATTGCTATAGTTGGTTAGGATCATGTATTGCGCCCTCGCAGTGTTG TTCTGAGGTTTGTGATTATTACTGCCGCCTATGGCGATGAACTCGGACCACAAGGCA T (SEQ ID NO:231) Translation: LWSDCYSWLGSCLAPSQCCSEVCDYYCRLWR (SEQ ID NO:232) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Cys-Xaa5-Ser-Xaa4-Leu-Gly-Ser-Cys-Ile-Ala-Xaa3-Ser-Gln-Cys-Cys-Ser-Xaa1-Val-Cys- Asp-Xaa5-Xaa5-Cys-Arg-Leu-Xaa4-Arg-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:233) Name: Tx6.3 Species: textile Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: AGCTGACGAATGAAAAATTCCGAGAATGTCAAGCTCAGCAAGAGAAAATGTGTGGA ACAATGGAAATACTGCACCCGAGAGTCCTTATGTTGCGCGGGTTTGTGTTTGTTTAG TTTCTGCATTCTATAACGCTAATCCAGAGTCGTATATTCCGTCTAAGCTCCACCTGGC ACTGTCTGGTATGTTCCTGCCAGTGACTGGTCTCATACCGCTTAGACTCTGGTCCGTC TTCTCTGCAACCACAGGAGAACGTGCATTATTACAATAAACGCATACTGC (SEQ ID NO:234) Translation: RMKNSENVKLSKIRKCVEQWKYCTRESLCCAGLCLFSFCIL (SEQ ID NO:235) Toxin Sequence: Lys-Cys-Val-Xaa1-Gln-Xaa4-Lys-Xaa5-Cys-Thr-Arg-Xaa1-Ser-Leu-Cys-Cys-Ala-Gly-Leu-Cys- Leu-Phe-Ser-Phe-Cys-Ile-Leu-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:236) Name: Tx6.7 Species: textile Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: CAGAGCCGCTCTGGTGTGCAGACCTGTCTCCAGCGCTCCGTCTCCCTGATCGGTGGT TCTGCCTGCATAGCTGTCTTCTCCACGAAGCTTTCCACAGGTATAAATAACGCTTCA GTCTCCCGTCCTGTATTGGGCCGCCGTTACAAGCCAGACCGATACAGCCAGGTCCA GTCTACTTTGCGAGTGAGTTAAAAGCTCCAGCATTCTACCAGCATCACCAGAATGAA GGTGAGCAGCGTGCTGATCGTGGCTACGCTGACACTGACCGCAGGCCAGCTGGTTA GTGCTTCTTCCCATTACTCAAAAGATGTCCAGATTCTTCCTTCTGTGAGATCAGCTGA CGAAgTGGAAAATTCCGAGAATGTCAGGCTCAGCAAGAGAAGATGTGTGGAACAAT GGGAAGTCTGCGGCATAATCTTGTTCTCCTCATCATGTTGCGGGCAGTTGTGTTTGTT TGGTTTCTGCGTTCTATAACGCTAATCCAGAGTCGTATATTCCGTCTAAGCTCCA (SEQ ID NO:237) Translation: MKVSSVHVATLTLTAGQLVSASSHYSKDVQILPSVRSADEVENSENVRLSKRRCVEQW EVCGIILFSSSCCGQLCLFGFCVL (SEQ ID NO:238) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Val-Xaa1-Gln-Xaa4-Xaa1-Val-Cys-Gly-Ile-Ile-Leu-Phe-Ser-Ser-Ser-Cys-Cys-Gly-Gln-Leu- Cys-Leu-Phe-Gly-Phe-Cys-Val-Leu-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:239) Name: TxVIIA Species textile Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Cys-Gly-Gly-Xaa5-Ser-Thr-Xaa5-Cys-Xaa1-Val-Asp-Ser-Xaa1-Cys-Cys-Ser-Asp-Asn-Cys-Val- Arg-Ser-Xaa5-Cys-Thr-Leu-Phe-# (SEQ ID NO:240) Name: U030 Species: textile Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Asn-Asn-Ser-Cys-Gln-Xaa1-His-Ser-Asp-Cys-Xaa1-Ser-His-Cys-Ile-Cys-Thr-Ser-Arg- Gly-Cys-Gly-Ala-Val-Asn-# (SEQ ID NO:241) Name: Bromosleeper-T1 Species: tulipa Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: CAGGATTGAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAGGATTGGGAATCATGGTGCTAACCCTTCT ACTTCTTGTGTCCATGGCAACCAGTCATCGTTATGCAAGAGAAAAGCAGGCGACGC GAAGGGACGCAGTCAACGTCAGACGGAGAAGCAGACCAAAAACAAAGGAGTGCGA AAGGTACTGTGAGCTGGAGGAAAAGCACTGCTGCTGCATAAGAAGTAACGGACCCA AATGTTCCAGAATATGCATATTCAAATTTTGGTGTTAGTTTTCTGTACACTGTCCATT CATTATCTTATCAGTACAAGTGTAAACGAGACATGTCAGAAAGTCGAAGGTTGTGC GTAATTTGATAAGCATTGTTTACTGGGACGAACGGA (SEQ ID NO:242) Translation: MSGLGIMVLTLLLLVSMATSHRYAREKQATRRDAVNVRRRSRPKTKECERYCELEEKIH CCCIRSNGPKCSRICIFKLFWC (SEQ ID NO:243) Toxin Sequence: Xaa3-Lys-Thr-Lys-Xaa1-Cys-Xaa1-Arg-Xaa5-Cys-Xaa1-Leu-Xaa1-Xaa1-Lys-His-Cys-Cys- Cys-Ile-Arg-Ser-Asn-Gly-Xaa3-Lys-Cys-Ser-Arg-Ile-Cys-Ile-Phe-Lys-Phe-Xaa4-Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:244) Name: Bromosleeper-T2 Species tulipa Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: CAGGATTGAACAAAATTCAGGATGTCAGGATTGGGAATCATGGTGCTAACCCTTCT CCTTCTTGTGCTAATGACAACCAGTCATCAGGATGCAGGAGAGAAGCAGGCGATGC AAAGGGACGCAAAGAACTTCAGTCGGAGAAGATTAGTCATTCGGAGACCAAAAAC AAGGGAGTGCGAAATGCAGTGTGAGCAGGAGGAGAAACACTGCTGCCGCGTAAGA GATGGTACGGGCCAATGTGCCCCTAAGTGCTTGGGAATTAACTGGTAGTTTCTGTAC ACTGTCTCATTCATTATCTTATCAGTACACGTGTAACGAGACATGTCAGAAAGTCGA AGGTAGTGCGTAATTTGATAAGCATTGTTTACTGGGACGAACGGA (SEQ ID NO:245) Translation: MSGLGIMVLTLLLLVLMTTSHQDAGEKQAMQRDAKNFSRRRLVIRRPKTRECEMQCEQ EEKHCCRVRDGTGQCAPKCLGINW (SEQ ID NO:246) Toxin Sequence: Xaa3-Lys-Thr-Arg-Xaa1-Cys-Xaa1-Met-Gln-Cys-Xaa1-Gln-Xaa1-Xaa1-Lys-His-Cys-Cys-Arg- Val-Arg-Asp-Gly-Thr-Gly-Gln-Cys-Ala-Xaa3-Lys-Cys-Leu-Gly-Ile-Asn-Xaa4-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:247) Name: T8.1 Species tulipa Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTCACCCTGGCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGGAAAACACGCCTGAAGAGCGACTTCTA TCGTGCTCTGCCAAGGTTTGGCCCAATATGCACTTGTTTTAAAAGCCAGAACTGTCG GGGTTCTTGTGAATGCATGTCACCTCCCGGTTGTTACTGCAGTAACAATGGCATTCG TGAACGAGGATGCTCGTGTACATGTCCAGGGACTGGTTGAATGATTTGAAAAATTC AGAGCAATATGTTGCAGAAAAACCGAAGACCGAGACTTCTCACAATAAATCCATAA AGACATTAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA (SEQ ID NO:248) Translation: MMSKMGAMFVLLLLFTLASSQQEGDVQARXTRLKSDFYRALPRFGPICTCFKSQNCRG SCECMSPPGCYCSNNGWERGCSCTCPGTG (SEQ ID NO:249) Toxin Sequence: Phe-Gly-Xaa3-Ile-Cys-Thr-Cys-Phe-Lys-Ser-Gln-Asn-Cys-Arg-Gly-Ser-Cys-Xaa1-Cys-Met- Ser-Xaa3-Xaa3-Gly-Cys-Xaa5-Cys-Ser-Asn-Asn-Gly-Ile-Arg-Xaa1-Arg-Gly-Cys-Ser-Cys-Thr- Cys-Xaa3-Gly-Thr-# (SEQ ID NO:250) Name: T8.2 Species tulipa Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGATGTCGAAAATGGGAGCTATGTTTGTCCTTTTGCTTCTTTTCACCCTGGCATCCA GCCAGCAGGAAGGAGATGTCCAGGCAAGGAAAACACGCCTGAAGAGCGACTTCTA TCGTACTCTGGCAATATCTGACAGAGGATGCACTGGCAACTGTGATTGGACGTGTA GCGGTGATTGCAGCTGCCAGGGCACATCTGACTCGTGTCACTGCATTCCACCAAAAT CAATAGGCAACAGATGCCGGTGTCAGTGTAAAAGAAAAATCGAAATTGACTGATTC TTTTAACTCGTTGAACGATTTAAAAATCAGACCAATATGTAGGCAGAAAACCGAAG ACTCTGAGACTCTCGTAATAATCGTAAGCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA (SEQ ID NO:251) Translation: MMSKMGAMFVLLLLFTLASSQQEGDVQARKTRLKSDFYRTLAISDRGCTGNCDWTCS GDCSCQGTSDSCHCLPPKSIGNRCRCQCKRKIEID (SEQ ID NO:252) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Thr-Gly-Asn-Cys-Asp-Xaa4-Thr-Cys-Ser-Gly-Asp-Cys-Ser-Cys-Gln-Gly-Thr-Ser-Asp- Ser-Cys-His-Cys-Ile-Xaa3-Xaa3-Lys-Ser-Ile-Gly-Asn-Arg-Cys-Arg-Cys-Gln-Cys-Lys-Arg-Lys- Ile-Xaa1-Ile-Asp-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:253) Name: Vr6.1 Species virgo Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGAAACTGACGTGTGTGGTGATCATCACTGTGCTGTTCCTGACGGCCAGT CAGCTCATTACAGCTGATTACTCCAGAGATCAGCGGCAGTACCGTGCAGTGAGGTT GGGAGATGAAATGGGGAATTTCAAAGGTGCCAGGGACTGCGGGGGACAAGGTGAA GGTTGTTATACTCAACCTTGCTGCCCTGGTCTGCGGTGCCGTGGCGGCGGTACTGGA GGAGGCGTATGCCAGCTGTAGTAATAGTTTGGCATCTGATATTTCCCCTCTGTGCTC CACCCTCTTTTGCCTGATTCATCCTTACCTATGTGTGGTCATGAACCACTCAGTAGCT ACACCTCTGGTGGATTCAGAGAACGTATATCAAAATAAAACCACATTGCAATAAAA AAAAAAAA (SEQ ID NO:254) Translation: MKLTCVVIITVLFLTASQLITADYSRDQRQYRAVRLGDEMRNFKGARDCGGQGEGCYT QPCCPGLRCRGGGTGGGVCQL (SEQ ID NO:255) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Cys-Gly-Gly-Gln-Gly-Xaa1-Gly-Cys-Xaa5-Thr-Gln-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Gly-Leu-Arg- Cys-Arg-Gly-Gly-Gly-Thr-Gly-Gly-Gly-Val-Cys-Gln-Leu-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:256) Name: R6.9 Species: radiatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATCATGCAGAAACTGACAATCCTGCTTCTTGTTGCTGCTATACTGATGTCGACCCAG GTCCTGATTCAAGGTGGTGGAGAAAAACGCCAAAAAGTCAACATTTTTTCAAAAAG AAAGACAGATGCTGAGACCTGGTGGGAGGGCGAATGCTCTAATTGGTTAGGAAGTT GTTCGACGCCCTCAAATTGCTGTCTCAAGAGTTGTAATGGGCACTGCACATTGTGGT GATGAACTCTGACCACAAAGCCATCCAACATCACCGCTCTCCTCTTGAGAGTCTTCA AG (SEQ ID NO:257) Translation: MQKLTILLLVAAILMSTQVLIQGGGEKRQKVNIFSKRKIDAETWWEGECSNWLGSCSTP SNCCLKSCNGHCTLW (SEQ ID NO:258) Toxin Sequence: Xaa4-Xaa4-Xaa1-Gly-Xaa1-Cys-Ser-Asn-Xaa4-Leu-Gly-Ser-Cys-Ser-Thr-Xaa3-Ser-Asn-Cys- Cys-Leu-Lys-Ser-Cys-Asn-Gly-His-Cys-Thr-Leu-Xaa4-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:259) Name: R6.10 Species radiatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATCATGCAGAAACTGATAATCCTGCTTCTTGTTGCTGCTGTACTGATGTCCACCCAG GCCCTGATTCAAGGTGGTGGAGGAAAACGCCAACAGGCAAAGAGCAAGTATTTTTC CGAAAGAAAGGCACCTGCTAAGCGTTGGTTTGGACACGAAGAATGCACTTATTGGT TGGGGCCTTGTGAGGTGGACGACACGTGTTGTTCTGCCAGTTGTGAGTCCAAGTTCT GCGGGTTGTGGTGATGGACACTGACCACAAGTCATCCTACATCGCCACTCTCCTGTT CAGAGTCTTCAAG (SEQ ID NO:260) Translation: MQKLIILLLVAAVLMSTQALIQGGGGKRQQAKSKYFSERKAPAKRWFGHEECTYWLGP CEVDDTCCSASCESKFCGLW (SEQ ID NO:261) Toxin Sequence: Xaa4-Phe-Gly-His-Xaa1-Xaa1-Cys-Thr-Xaa5-Xaa4-Leu-Gly-Xaa3-Cys-Xaa1-Val-Asp-Asp- Thr-Cys-Cys-Ser-Ala-Ser-Cys-Xaa1-Ser-Lys-Phe-Cys-Gly-Leu-Xaa4-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:262) Name: Wi6.1 Species wittigi Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGAAACTGACGTGTGTGGTGATCATCGCCTTGCTGTTCCTGACGGCCTGT CAGCTCATTACGGCTGATTACTCCAGAGATGAGCAGTCTGGCAGTACAGTGCGGTTT CTAGACAGACCACGGCGTTTTGGTTCGTTCATACCGTGCGCCCGTTTAGGTGAACCA TGTACCATATGCTGCCGTCCTTTGAGGTGCCGTGAAAGCGGAACACCCACATGTCAA GTGTGATTGTCTGGCATCTGATATTTCCCCTCTGTGCCCTACCCTCTTTTGCCTGAGT CATCCATACCTGTGCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:263) Translation: MKLTCVVIIALLFLTACQLITADYSRDEQSGSTVRFLDRPRRFGSFTPCARLGEPCTICCRP LRCRESGTPTCQV (SEQ ID NO:264) Toxin Sequence: Phe-Gly-Ser-Phe-Ile-Xaa3-Cys-Ala-Arg-Leu-Gly-Xaa1-Xaa3-Cys-Thr-Ile-Cys-Cys-Arg-Xaa3- Leu-Arg-Cys-Arg-Xaa1-Ser-Gly-Thr-Xaa3-Thr-Cys-Gln-Val-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:265) Name: Rg6.6 Species: regius Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGAAACTGACGTGCGTGGTGATCATGGCCTCGCTGTTCCTGGCGGCCTGT CAATTCCTTACAGCTGGAGGTGACTCAAGAAGTAAGCAGCGGTATCCTGATTGGAG GCTGGGCTACCGAAAGTCCAAGTTGATGGCTAAGAAGACGTGCCTGGAACATAACA AACTATGTTGGTATGATAGAGACTGCTGCACCATATATTGTAATGAAAACAAATGC GGCGTGAAACCTCAATGAATGTTTCACACACACACACACACACACACACACACACA CACACACACACACACACACACACACACACATCTGGCGTCTGACCATTCCCCCTCTGT GCTCTATCCTCTTGTTCCTGAGTCATCCATACCTGTGCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:266) Translation: MKLTCVVIIVIASLFLAACQFLTAGGDSRSKQRYPDWRLGYRKSKLMAKKTCLEHNKLC WYDRDCCTIYCNENKCGVKPQ (SEQ ID NO:267) Toxin Sequence: Thr-Cys-Leu-Xaa1-His-Asn-Lys-Leu-Cys-Xaa4-Xaa5-Asp-Arg-Asp-Cys-Cys-Thr-Ile-Xaa5- Cys-Asn-Xaa1-Asn-Lys-Cys-Gly-Val-Lys-Xaa3-Gln-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:268) Name: R6.9 Species: radiatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATCATGCAGAAACTGACAATCCTGCTTCTTGTTGCTGCTATACTGATGTCGACCCAG GTCCTGATTCAAGGTGGTGGAGAAAAACGCCAAAAAGTCAACATTTTTTCAAAAAG AAAGACAGATGCTGAGACCTGGTGGGAGGGCGAATGCTCTAATTGGTTAGGAAGTT GTTCGACGCCCTCAAATTGCTGTCTCAAGAGTTGTAATGGGCACTGCACATTGTGGT GATGAACTCTGACCACAAAGCCATCCAACATCACCGCTCTCCTCTTCAGAGTCTTCA AG (SEQ ID NO:269) Translation: MQKLTILLLVAAILMSTQVLIQGGGEKRQKVNIFSKRKIDAETWWEGECSNWLGSCSTP SNCCLKSCNGHCTLW (SEQ ID NO:270) Toxin Sequence: Xaa4-Xaa4-Xaa1-Gly-Xaa1-Cys-Ser-Asn-Xaa4-Leu-Gly-Ser-Cys-Ser-Thr-Xaa3-Ser-Asn-Cys- Cys-Leu-Lys-Ser-Cys-Asn-Gly-His-Cys-Thr-Leu-Xaa4-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:271) Name: R6.10 Species: radiatus Isolated: Yes Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATCATGCAGAAACTGATAATCCTGCTTCTTGTTGCTGCTGTACTGATGTCCACCCAG GCCCTGATTCAAGGTGGTGGAGGAAAACGCCAACAGGCAAAGAGCAAGTATTTTTC CGAAAGAAAGGCACCTGCTAAGCGTTGGTTTGGAGACGAAGAATGCACTTATTGGT TGGGGCCTTGTGAGGTGGACGACACGTGTTGTTCTGCCAGTTGTGAGTCCAAGTTCT GCGGGTTGTGGTGATGGACACTGACCACAAGTCATCCTACATCGCCACTCTCCTGTT CAGAGTCTTCAAG (SEQ ID NO:272) Translation: MQKLIILLLVAAVLMSTQALIQGGGGKRQQAKSKYFSERXAPAKRWFGHEECTYWLGP CEVDDTCCSASCESKFCGLW (SEQ ID NO:273) Toxin Sequence: Xaa4-Phe-Gly-His-Xaa1-Xaa1-Cys-Thr-Xaa5-Xaa4-Leu-Gly-Xaa3-Cys-Xaa1-Val-Asp-Asp- Thr-Cys-Cys-Ser-Ala-Ser-Cys-Xaa1-Ser-Lys-Phe-Cys-Gly-Leu-Xaa4-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:274) Name: Sf5.1 Species: spurius Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGC TGATTCCATCTGCACCTAGCACTGATGCCCGACCGAAGACCAAAGATGATGTGCGC CTGGCATCTTTCCACGGTAAGGCAAAGCGAACCCTACAAATACCTAGGGGGAATAT CCACTGTTGCACAAAATATCAGCCGTGCTGTTCTTCACCATCATAAAGGGAAATGAC TTTGATGAGACCCCTGCGAACTGTCCCTGGATGTGAAATTTGGAAACGAGACTGTTC CTTTCGCGCGTGTTCGTGGAATTTCGAATGGTCGTTAATAAGACGCTGCCTCTTGCA AACTACAATCTCTGTGTCCTTTATCTGTGGACTGGATGTCAACACTG (SEQ ID NO:275) Translation: MRCLPVFVILLLLIPSAPSIDARPKTKDDVRLASFHGKAKRTLQIPRGNIHCCTKYQPCCS SPS (SEQ ID NO:276) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Asn-Ile-His-Cys-Cys-Thr-Lys-Xaa5-Gln-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-Ser-Ser-Xaa3-Ser-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:277) Name: Nb5.1 Species: nobilis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGCTGACTGCATCTGCACCAAGCG TTGATGCCCGACCGAAGACCAAAGATGATGTGCTCCGGGCATCTTTCCGCGATAAT GCAAAGAGTACCCTACAAAGACTTTGGAACAAACGCATCTGCTGCCCCATAATTCTT TGGTGCTGTGGTTAACCAGCATGAAGTTCCCAGGA (SEQ ID NO:278) Translation: MRCLPVFVILLLLTASAPSVDARPKTKDDVLRASFRDNAKSTLQRLWNKRLCGPIILWCC G (SEQ ID NO:279) Toxin Sequence: Ile-Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Ile-Ile-Leu-Xaa4-Cys-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:280) Name: Bt5.1 Species betulinus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCATCATTCTTCTGGTGCTGATTGCATCTGCACCTACCG TTGATGCCCGACCAAAGATCGAAGATGATGAGTCCCTGGCATCTTTCGATGNTCATN AACCACCATNANNGNTNCANCTTTTGAACAAACGCAATTGCTGCCCAGACTCTCCTC CGTGCTGTCATTAACCAGCATGAAGGTTCAGGA (SEQ ID NO:281) Translation: MRCLPVFIILLVLIASAPTVDARPKIEDDESLASFH?H?PP????LLNKRNCCPDSPPCCH (SEQ ID NO:282) Toxin Sequence: Asn-Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Asp-Ser-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Cys-His-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:283) Name: t-PVA Species: purpurascens Isolated: Yes Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAATTCCAAATGATGTAATTACTGACTACATGGTCATAGTGTATACCCATTGAAAA ATTTCTATGACATTTCAGTTGTTAGATCATCCAGTTCCACAGATGGAAAGACAGAGA GATAGTAGCTTGCAAGTGGCAGCGTGTTGTTAACGACCATTCGACATTCCATGAACA CGTGTGAAAGGAGCAGTCTGCTTTCCAAATCTGACATCCAGGGACAGTTTGCAGGG GTCTCATCCAAAGTCATCTTCCTTTATCCCAAAGTACAGCACCGCATCTGTTTTGGA CAGCAACCGCGTTTCTTCCAAAATCTTTGTAGGGTTCCTTTTGCATTATCGTGGAAA GATGCCAGGGGCATATCATCTTTGGTCTTCGGATGAGCATCAACGCAAGGTGCAGA TGGAATCAGCAGCAGAAGAATGACGAAGACTGGCAGACAGCGCATTCTGCTTGTAG TCAGCTTCCGAATTCCAAGCCGAATTCTGCAGATATCCATCACACTGGCGGCCGCTC GAGCATGCATCTAGAGGGCCCAATTCGCCCTATAGTGAGTCGTATGACAATTCAcTG GC (SEQ ID NO:284) Translation: MRCLPVFVILLLLLPSAPCVDAHPKTKDDMPLASFHDNAKGTLQRFWKKRGCCPKQMR CCTLG (SEQ ID NO:285) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Lys-Gln-Met-Arg-Cys-Cys-Thr-Leu-# (SEQ ID NO:286) Name: Af5.2 Species: ammiralis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCACTGTCTCCCAGTCGTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGC TGACTGCATCTGGTGGACCTAGCGTTGATGCCCGACTGAAGACCAAAGATGATGTG CCCCTGTCATCTTTCCGCGATAATACAAAGAGTATCCTACAAAGACTTTGGAAGCGA GGCAACTGCTGTGAATTTTGGGAGTTTTGCTGTGATTAACCAGCATGAAGG (SEQ ID NO:287) Translation: MHCLPVVVLLLLLTASGGPSVDARLKTKDDVPLSSFRDNTKSILQRLWKRGNCCEFWEF CCD (SEQ ID NO:288) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Asn-Cys-Cys-Xaa1-Phe-Xaa4-Xaa1-Phe-Cys-Cys-Asp-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:289) Name: Da5.1 Species: dalli Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCACTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGC TGACTGCATCTGGACCTAGCGTTGATGCCCAACCGAAGACCGAAGTTGATGTGCCC CTGTCATCTTTCCGCGATAATGCAAAGCGTGCCCTACAAAGACTTCCGCGTTGCTGT GAATATTGGAAGTTGTGCTGTGGTTAACCAGCATGAAGG (SEQ ID NO:290) Translation: MHCLPVFVILLLLTASGPSVDAQPKTEVDVPLSSFRDNAKRALQRLPRCCEYWKLCCG (SEQ ID NO:291) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Cys-Xaa1-Xaa5-Xaa4-Lys-Leu-Cys-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:292) Name: Om5.1 Species: omaria Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGC TAACTGCATCTGCACCTAGCGTTGATGCCCGACCGAAGGCCAAAGATGATGTGCCC CTGGCATCTTATCCGTGATAATGCAAAGAGTACCCTACAAAGACTTCAGGACAAACG CGTTTGCTGTGGCTATAAGTTTTTTTGCTGTCGTTAACCAGCATGAAGG (SEQ ID NO:293) Translation: MRCLPVFVWLLLTASAPSVDARPKAKIDDVPLASFRDNAKSTLQRLQDKRVCCGYKFFC CR (SEQ ID NO:294) Toxin Sequence: Val-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Lys-Phe-Phe-Cys-Cys-Arg-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:295) Name: Au5.1 Species: aulicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGC TGACTGCATCTGCACCTAACGTTGATGCCCAACCGAAGACCAAAGATGATGTGCCC CTGGCATCTTTGCACGATGATGCAAAGAGTGCACTACAACATTGGAACCAACGCTG CTGCCCCATGATCTATTGGTGCTGTAGTTAACCAGCATGAAGG (SEQ ID NO:296) Translation: MRCLPVFVILLLLTASAPNVDAQPKTKDDVPLASLHDDAKSALQHWNQRCCPMIYWCC S (SEQ ID NO:297) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Met-Ile-Xaa5-Xaa4-Cys-Cys-Ser-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:298) Name: Au5.4 Species: aulicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCACTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGC TGACTGCATCTGCACCTAACGTTGATGCCCAACCGAAGACCAAAGATGATGTGCCC CTGGCATCTTTGCACGATGATGCAAAGAGTGCACTACAACATTGGAACCAACGCTG CTGCCCCGAGATCTATTGGTGCTGTAGTTAACCAGCATGAAGG (SEQ ID NO:299) Translation: MHCLPVFVLLLLLTASAPNVDAQPKTKDDVPLASLHDDAKSALQHWNQRCCPEIYWCC S (SEQ ID NO:300) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa1-Ile-Xaa5-Xaa4-Cys-Cys-Ser-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:301) Name: Af5.1 Species: ammiralis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGC TGATTGCATCTGCACCTAGCGTTGATGCCCAACCGAAGACCAAAGATGATGTGTCCC TGGCATCTTTGCACGATAATATAAAGAGTACTCTACAAACACTTTGGAACAAAGGGT GCTGCCCCCCTGTGATTTGGTGCTGTGGTTAACCAGCATAAAGG (SEQ ID NO:302) Translation: MRCLPVFVWLLLIASAPSVDAQPKTKDDVSLASLHDNIKSTLQTLWNKRCCPPVIWCCG (SEQ ID NO:303) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Val-Ile-Xaa4-Cys-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:304) Name: Au5.3 Species: aulicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGC TGACTGCATCTGGACCTAGCGTTGATGCCCGACCGAAGACCAAAGATGATGTGCCT CTGTCATCTTTCCGCGATAACGCAAAGAGTATCCTACAAAGACGTTGGAACAACTAT TGCTGCACGAATGAGCTTTGGTGCTGTGGTTAACCAGCATGAAGG (SEQ ID NO:305) Translation: MRCLPVFVILLLLTASGPSVDARPKTKDDVPLSSFRDNAKSILQRRWNNYCCTNELWCC G (SEQ ID NO:306) Toxin Sequence: Xaa4-Asn-Asn-Xaa5-Cys-Cys-Thr-Asn-Xaa1-Leu-Xaa4-Cys-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:307) Name: Da5.2 Species dalli Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCACTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGC TGAGTGCATCTGGACCTAGCGTTGATGCCCGACCGAAGACCGAAGATGATGTGCCC CTGTCATCTTTCCGCGATAATACAAAGAGTACCCTACAAAGACTTTTGAAGCCAGTC AACTGCTGTCCTATTGATCAATCTTGCTGTTCTTAACCAGCATGAAGG (SEQ ID NO:308) Translation: MHCLPVFVILLLLTASGPSVDARPKTEDDVPLSSFRDNTKSTLQRLLKPVNCCPIDQSCCS (SEQ ID NO:309) Toxin Sequence: Xaa3-Val-Asn-Cys-Cys-Xaa3-Ile-Asp-Gln-Ser-Cys-Cys-Ser-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:310) Name: Cn10.3 Species consors Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCATCC CTTCAGATCGTGCATCTGAAGGCAGGAATGCCGTAGTCCACGAGAGAGCGCCTGAG CTGGTCGTTACGGCCACCACGACTTGCTGTGGTTATGATCCGATGACAATATGCCCT CCTTGCATGTGCACTCATTCCTGTCCACCAAAAAGAAAACCAGGCCGCAGAAACGA CTGATGCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:311) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSIPSDRASEGRNAVVHERAPELVVTATTTCCGYDPMTICPPCMC THSCPPKRKPGRRND (SEQ ID NO:312) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Xaa3-Xaa1-Leu-Val-Val-Thr-Ala-Thr-Thr-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Asp-Xaa3-Met-Thr-Ile- Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Met-Cys-Thr-His-Ser-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Lys-Arg-Lys-Xaa3-# (SEQ ID NO:313) Name: A10.2 Species: aurisiacus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCATCC CTTCAGATCGTGCATCTGATGGCAGGAATGCCGCAGTCAACGAGAGACAATCTTGG CTGGTCCCTTCGACAATCACGACTTGCTGTGGATATGATCCGGGGACAATGTGCCCT CCTTGCAGGTGCAATAATACCTGTAAACCAAAAAAACCAAAACCAGGAAAAGGCC GCAGAAACGACTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:314) Translation: METVFLLVVLATTVVSLPSDRASDGRNAAVNERQSWLVPSTITTCCGYDPGTMCPPCRC NNTCKPKKPKPGKGRRND (SEQ ID NO:315) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Ser-Xaa4-Leu-Val-Xaa3-Ser-Thr-Ile-Thr-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Asp-Xaa3-Gly-Thr-Met- Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Arg-Cys-Asn-Asn-Thr-Cys-Lys-Xaa3-Lys-Lys-Xaa3-Lys-Xaa3-Gly-Lys-# (SEQ ID NO:316) Name: Cn10.4 Species: consors Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCATCC CTTCAGATCGTGCATCTGATGGCAGGAATGCCGTAGTCCACGAGAGAGCGCCTGAG CTGGTCGTTACGGCCACCACGACTTGCTGTGGTTATGATCCGATGACATGGTGCCCT TCTTGCATGTGCACTTATTCCTGTCCCCACCAAAGGAAAAAACCAGGCCGCAGAAA CGACTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:317) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSIPSDRASDGRNAVVHERAPELVVTATTTCCGYDPMTWCPSCM CTYSCPHQRKKPGRRND (SEQ ID NO:318) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Xaa3-Xaa1-Leu-Val-Val-Thr-Ala-Thr-Thr-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Asp-Xaa3-Met-Thr- Xaa4-Cys-Xaa3-Ser-Cys-Met-Cys-Thr-Xaa5-Ser-Cys-Xaa3-His-Gln-Arg-Lys-Lys-Xaa3-# (SEQ ID NO:319) Name: M10.3 Species: magus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCAGTGTCGTTTCCATCC CTTCAGATCGTGCATCTGATGGCGGGAATGCCGTAGTCCACGAGAGAGCGCCTGAG CTGGTCGTTACGGCCACCACGACTTGCTGTGGTTATGATCCGATGACAATATGCCCT CCCTGGATGTGCACTCATTCCTGTCCACCAAAAGGAAAACCAGGCCGCAGGAACGA CTGATGTCCAGGACCTCTGAACCACGACNCGAG (SEQ ID NO:320) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATSVVSLPSDRASDGGNAVVHERAPELVVTATTTCCGYDPMTICPPCMC THSCPPKGKPGRRND (SEQ ID NO:321) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Xaa3-Xaa1-Leu-Val-Val-Thr-Ala-Thr-Thr-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Asp-Xaa3-Met-Thr-Ile- Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Met-Cys-Thr-His-Ser-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Lys-Gly-Lys-Xaa3-# (SEQ ID NO:322) Name: A10.3 Species: aurisiacus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GAATTCGCCCTTGAGGATCCGTGTGGTTCTGGGTCCAGAACCTGATGGCAGGAATG CCGCAGTCAACGAGAGACAGAAATGGCTGGTCCATTCGAAAATCACGTATTGCTGT GGTTATAATAAGATGGACATGTGCCCTCCTTGCATGTGCACTTATTCCTGTGGCCCG CTAAAAAAAAAAAGACCAGGCCGCAGAAACGACTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAA CCACGACCTCGAGCGAAGGGCGAATTC (SEQ ID NO:323) Translation: VVLGPEPDGRNAAVNERQKWLVHSKITYCCGYNKMDMGPPCMCTYSCPPLKKKRPGR RND (SEQ ID NO:324) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Lys-Xaa4-Leu-Val-His-Ser-Lys-Ile-Thr-Xaa5-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Asn-Lys-Met-Asp-Met- Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Met-Cys-Thr-Xaa5-Ser-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-Leu-Lys-Lys-Lys-Arg-Xaa3-# (SEQ ID NO:325) Name: A10.4 Species: aurisiacus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GAATTCGCCCTTGAGGATCCGTGTGGTTCTGGGTCCAGCATTTGATGGCAGGAATGC CGCAGTCAACGAGAGAGCGCCTTGGACGGTCGTTACGGCCACCACGAATTGCTGCG GTATTACCGGGCCAGGCTGCCTTCCTTGCCGTTGTACTCAAACATGTGGCTGATGCT CCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAGCGAAGGGCGAATTC (SEQ ID NO:326) Translation: VVLGPAFDGRNAAVNERAPWTVVTATTNCCGITGPGCLPCRCTQTCG (SEQ ID NO:327) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Xaa3-Xaa4-Thr-Val-Val-Thr-Ala-Thr-Thr-Asn-Cys-Cys-Gly-Ile-Thr-Gly-Xaa3-Gly-Cys- Leu-Xaa3-Cys-Arg-Cys-Thr-Gln-Thr-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:328) Name: Mr1.3 Species: marmoreus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTGATCATTCTTCTGCTGC TGACTGCATCTGCACCTGGCGTTGTTGTCCTACCGAAGACCGAAGATGATGTGCCCA TGTCATCTGTCTACGGTAATGGAAAGAGTATCCTACGAGGGATTCTGAGGAACGGT GTTTGCTGTGGCTATAAGTTGTGCCTTCCATGTTAACCAGCATGAAGG (SEQ ID NO:329) Translation: MRCLPVLILLLLLTASAPGVVVLPKTEDDVPMSSVYGNGKSILRGIILRNGVCCGYKLCLP C (SEQ ID NO:330) Toxin Sequence: Asn-Gly-Val-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Lys-Leu-Cys-Leu-Xaa3-Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:331) Name: Pn1.5 Species: pennaceus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAATTCGGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTT CTGCTGCTGACTGCATCTGCACCTAGCGTTGATGCCAAAGTTCATCTGAAGACCAAA GGTGATGGGCCCCTGTCATCTTTCCGAGATAATGCAAAGAGTACCCTACAAAGACTT CAGGACAAAAGCACTTGCTGTGGCTTTAAGATGTGTATCCCTTGTAGTTAACCAGCA TGAAGGATCC (SEQ ID NO:332) Translation: MRCLPVFVTLLLLTASAPSVDAKVHLKTKGDGPLSSFRDNAKSTLQRLQDKSTCCGFKM CIPCS (SEQ ID NO:333) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Phe-Lys-Met-Cys-Ile-Xaa3-Cys-Ser-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:334) Name: Pn1.6 Species: pennaceus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GAATTCGGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCGTTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTC TGCTGCTGACTGCATCTGGACCTAGCGTTGATGCCCGACTGAAGACCAAAGATGAT GTGCCCCTGTCATCTTTCCGAGATAATGCAAAGAGTACCCTACAAAGACTTCAGGAC AAACGCCTTTGCTGTGGCTTTTGGATGTGTATTCCTTGTAATTAACCAGCATGAAGG ATCC (SEQ ID NO:335) Translation: MRCLPVFVILLLLTASGPSVDARLKTKDDVPLSSFRDNAKSTLQRLQDKRLCCGFWMCI PCN (SEQ ID NO:336) Toxin Sequence: Leu-Cys-Cys-Gly-Phe-Xaa4-Met-Cys-Ile-Xaa3-Cys-Asn-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:337) Name: Pn1.7 Species: pennaceus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GAATTCTCCCTTGGAATTCTGAAGCTGACTACAANCAGAATGCGTTGTCTCCCACTC TTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGCTGACTGCATCTGGACCTACTGTTGATGCCCGACTGAAG ACCAAAGATGATGTGCCCCTGTCATCTTTCCGAGATAATGCAAAGAGTACCCTACA AAGACTTCAGGACAAAAGCACTTGCTGTGGCTTTAAGATGTGTATTCCTTGTGGTTA ACCAGCATGAAGGATCC (SEQ ID NO:338) Translation: MRCLPLFVILLLLTASGPTVDARLKTKDDVPLSSFRDNAKSTLQRLQDKSTCCGFKMCIP CG (SEQ ID NO:339) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Phe-Lys-Met-Cys-Ile-Xaa3-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:340) Name: Ep1.5 Species: episcopatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GAATTCGCCCTTGGAATTCGGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTC TTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGCTGACTGCATCTGGACCTANTGTTGATGCCAAAGTTCATC TGAAGACCAAAGGTGATGGGCCCCTGTCATCTTTCCGAGATAATGCAAAGAGTACC CTACAAAGACTTCAGGACAAAAGCACTTGCTGTGGCTATAGGATGTGTGTTCCTTGT GGTTAACCAGCATGAAGGATCCV (SEQ ID NO:341) Translation: MRCLPVFVILLLLTASGPSVDAKVHLKTKGDGPLSSFRDNAKSTLQRLQDKSTCCGYRM CVPCG (SEQ ID NO:342) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Arg-Met-Cys-Val-Xaa3-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:343) Name: Mr1.1 Species: marmoreus Isolated: Yes Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGCGAATACACCTGGCAGGTACTCAACGAACTTCAGGACACATTCTTTTCACCTGGA CACTGGAAACTGACAACAGGCAGAATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTGATCATTCTTCTG CTGCTGACTGCATCTGCACCTGGCGTTGTTGTCCTACCGAAGACCGAAGATGATGTG CCCATGTCATCTGTCTACGGTAATGGAAAGAGTATCCTACGAGGAATTCTGAGGAA CGGTGTTTGCTGTGGCTATAAGTTGTGCCATCCATGTTAACCAGCATGAAGGGAAAT GACTTTGGATGAGACCCCTGCGAACTGTCCCTGGATGTGAAATTTGGAAAGCAGAC TGTTCCTTTCGCACGTATTCGTGGAATTTCGAATGGTCGTAAACAACACGCTGCCAC TTGCAGGCTACTATCTCTCTGTCCTTTCATCTGTGGAAATGGATGATCTAACAACTG AAATATCAGAAATTTTTCAATGGCTATACACTATGACCATGTAGTCAGTAATTATAT CATTTGGACCTTTTGAAATATTTTTCAATATGTAAAGTTTTTGCACCCTGGAAAGGTC TTTTGGAGTTAAATATTTTAGTATGTTATGTTTTGCATACAAGTTATAGAATGCTGTC TTTCTTTTTGTTCCCACATCAATGGTGGGGGCAGAAATTATTTGTTTTGGTCAATGTA ATTATGACCTGCATTTAGTGCTATAGTGATTGCATTTTCAGCGTGGAATGTTTAATCT GCAAACAGAAAGTGGTTGATCGACTAATAAAGATTTGCATGGCACAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAGTACTCTGCGTTGTTACTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:344) Translation: MRCLPVLIILLLLTASAPGVVVLPKTEDDVPMSSVYGNGKSWRGWRNGVCCGYKLCHP C (SEQ ID NO:345) Toxin Sequence: Asn-Gly-Val-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Lys-Leu-Cys-His-Xaa3-Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:346) Name: Mr1.2 Species: marmoreus Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Gly-Val-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Lys-Leu-Cys-His-Xaa3-Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:347) Name: Bn1.5 Species: bandanus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTGATCATTCTTCTGCTGCTGACTGCATCTGCACCTGGCG TTGATGTCCTACCGAAGACCGAAGATGATGTGCCCCTGTCATCTGTCTACGATAATA CAAAGAGTATCCTACGAGGACTTCTGGACAAACGTGCTTGCTGTGGCTACAAGCTTT GCTCACCATGTTAACCAGCATGAAGGATCC (SEQ ID NO:348) Translation: MRCLPVLIILLLLTASAPGVDVLPKTEDDVPLSSVYDNTKSILRGLLDKRACCGYKLCSP C (SEQ ID NO:349) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Lys-Leu-Cys-Ser-Xaa3-Cys-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:350) Name: Au1.4 Species: aulicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGC TGACTGCATCTGGACCTAGCGTTGATGCCCGACTGAAGACCAAAGATGATGTGCCC CTGTCATCTTTCCGAGATAATGCAAAGAGTACCCTACAAAGACATCAGGACAAAAG CGTTTGCTGTGGCTATAAGCTGTGTTTTCCTTGTGGTTAACCAGCATGAAGG (SEQ ID NO:351) Translation: MRCLPVFVIILLLLTASGPSVDARLKTKDDVPLSSFRDNAKSTLQRHQDKSVCCGYKLCF PCG (SEQ ID NO:352) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Val-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Lys-Leu-Cys-Phe-Xaa3-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:353) Name: Tx1.7 Species: textile Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: CAGGATCCAATGGGGTTTGTTGTGGCTATAGGATGTGTGTTCCTTGTGGTTAACCAG CATGAAGGGAAATGACTTTGGATGAGACCCCTGCGAAGTGTCCCTGGATGTGAGAT TTGGAAAGCAGACTGTTCATTTTGCACGTGTTGGTGGAATTTCGAATGGTCGTTAAC AACACGCTGCCACTTGCAAGCTACTATCTCTCTGTCCTTTTATCTGTGGAACTGTATG ATCTAACAACTGAAATATCATANANATTTTTCAATGGGTATNCACTATGCATATGAT CATGTAGGGTTCAAGGGGTCAAGATNC (SEQ ID NO:354) Translation: GSNGVCCGYRMCVPGG (SEQ ID NO:355) Toxin Sequence: Asn-Gly-Val-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Arg-Met-Cys-Val-Xaa3-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:356) Name: Tx1.6 Species: textile Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGCACTGTCTCCCAATCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGCTGACTGCATCTGGACCTAGCG TTGATGCCCAACTGAAGACCAAAGATGATGTGCCCCTGTCATCTTTCCGAGATCATG CAAAGAGTACCGTACGAAGACTTCAGGACAAACAGACTTGCTGTGGCTATAGGATG TGTGTTCCTTGTGGTTAAGCAGCATGAAGGATCC (SEQ ID NO:357) Translation: MHCLPLFVILLLLTASGPSVDAQLKTKDDVPLSSFRDHAKSTLRRLQDKQTCCGYRMCV PCG (SEQ ID NO:358) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Xaa5-Arg-Met-Cys-Val-Xaa3-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:359) Name: Af1.3 Species: ammiralis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: AGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCACTACCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGC TGACTGCATCTGGACCTAGCGTTGATGCCCAACTGAAGACCAAAGATGATGTGCCG CTGTCATCTTTCCGAGATAATGCAAAGAGTACCCTACGAAGACTCCAGTACAAACA GGCTTGCTGTGGCTTTAAGATGTGTGTTCCTTGTGGTTAACCAGCATGAAGG (SEQ ID NO:360) Translation: MHYLPVFVILLLLTASGPSVDAQLKTKDDVPLSSFRDNAKSTLRRLQYKQACCGFKMCV PCG (SEQ ID NO:361) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Ala-Cys-Cys-Gly-Phe-Lys-Met-Cys-Val-Xaa3-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:362) Name: Pn1.3 Species: pennaceus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTCGTCATTCTTCTGCTGCTGACTGCATCTGCACCTAGCG TTGATGCCAAAGTTCATCTGAAGACCAAAGGTGATGGGCCCCTGTCATCTTTCCGAG ATAATGCAAAGAGTACCCTACAAAGACTTCAGGACAAAAGCACTTGCTGTGGCTTT AAGATGTGTATTCCTTGTCGTTAACCAGCATGAAGGATCC (SEQ ID NO:363) Translation: MRCLPVFVILLLLTASAPSVDAKVHLKTKGDGPLSSFRDNAKSTLQRLQDKSTCCGFKM CIPCR (SEQ ID NO:364) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Thr-Cys-Cys-Gly-Phe-Lys-Met-Cys-Ile-Xaa3-Cys-Arg-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:365) Name: Pn1.4 Species: pennaceus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: CAGGATCCAATGGGGTTTGTTGTGGCTTTTGGATGTGTATTCCTTGTAATTAACCAG CATGAAGGGAAATGACTTTGGATAAGACCCCTGCGAACTGTCCTTGGATGTGAGAT TTGGAAAGCAGACTGTTCCTTTTGCACGTGTTCGTGGAATTTCGAATGGTCGTTAAC AACACGCTGCCACTTGCAAGCTACTATCTCTCTGTCCTTTCATCTGTGGAACTGTATG ATCTAACAACTGAAATATCATAGAAATTTTTCAATGGGTATACACTATGCATATGAC CATGTANGGGTCAACAGNC (SEQ ID NO:366) Translation: GSNGVCCGFWMCIPCN (SEQ ID NO:367) Toxin Sequence: Asn-Gly-Val-Cys-Cys-Gly-Phe-Xaa4-Met-Cys-Ile-Xaa3-Cys-Asn-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:368) Name: Om1.7 Species: omaria Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGAAGCTGACTACAAGCAGAATGCGCTGTCTCCCAGTCTTGGTCATTCTTCTGGTGC TGACTGCATCTGCACCTAGCGTTGATGCCCGACCGAAGGCCAAAGATGATGTGCCC CTGTCATCTTTCCGTGATAATGGAAAGAGTACCCTACAAAGACTTCAGGACAAAGA CGTTTGCTGTTACGTTAGAATGTGTCCTTGTCGTTAACCAGCATGAAGG (SEQ ID NO:369) Translation: MRCLPVFVILLLLTASAPSVDARPKAKDDVPLSSFRDNAKSTLQRLQDKDVCCYVRMCP CR (SEQ ID NO:370) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Val-Cys-Cys-Xaa5-Val-Arg-Met-Cys-Xaa3-Cys-Arg-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:371) Name: Conophysin-R Species radiatus Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: His-Xaa3-Thr-Lys-Xaa3-Cys-Met-Xaa5-Cys-Ser-Phe-Gly-Gln-Cys-Val-Gly-Xaa3-His-Ile-Cys- Cys-Gly-Xaa3-Thr-Gly-Cys-Xaa1-Met-Gly-Thr-Ala-Xaa1-Ala-Asn-Met-Cys-Ser-Xaa1-Xaa1- Asp-Xaa1-Asp-Xaa3-Ile-Xaa3-Cys-Gln-Val-Phe-Gly-Ser-Asp-Cys-Ala-Leu-Asn-Asn-Xaa3- Asp-Asn-Ile-His-Gly-His-Cys-Val-Ala-Asp-Gly-Ile-Cys-Cys-Val-Asp-Asp-Thr-Cys-Thr-Thr- His-Leu-Gly-Cys-Leu-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:372) Name: Ts10.1 Species: tessulatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTTGTTTCCTTCA GTGCAGATCGTGCCAACGTCAAAGCGTCTGACCTGATCGCCCAGGCCACCAGAGAC GGCTGTCCACCACATCCCGTTCCTGGCATGCATAAGTGCATGTGTACTAATACATGT GGTTGAAGACGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:373) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSFSADRANVKASDLIAQATRDGCPPHPVPGMHKCMCTNTCG (SEQ ID NO:374) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Gly-Cys-Xaa3-Xaa3-His-Xaa3-Val-Xaa3-Gly-Met-His-Lys-Cys-Met-Cys-Thr-Asn-Thr- Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:375) Name: G1.4 Species: geographus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: ANNTAGANTNTGTCGTANTANNGGATGNTAANTANTGNNTCGANATGATNANGAGT GATAAATGANNGGTGCACTNNTANTTANGNTNNTANGATNNNNATATTATNNTANN NNNTAANANATATNGGTNNGGANNAAGAAGANTAAAAGTANNGNTTNGTGAAANA ANGANNNNATGTTNNANNTCATAACNNNAATGTAAATAATANACGNNCCAGTGTG AAANNNTNTCNNNNATAAAAATTCTNTNTNTNAANGTNNNTGTNTGNGTGTGTGTG TGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGNGTGTGTGNGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGNGTGT GTGTNTGTGNGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTNTGTGGTTCTGGGT CGAGCATCTGATGNCAGGGATGACACAGCCAAAGACGAAGGGTCTNACATGGACA AATTGGTCGAGAAAAAAGAATGTTGCCATCCTGCCTGTGGCAAACACTACAGTTGT GGACGCTGATGCTCCAGGGTNTGAAGGANCAA (SEQ ID NO:376) Translation: SDXRDDTAKDEGSXMDKLVEKKECCHPACGKHYSCGR (SEQ ID NO:377) Toxin Sequence: Xaa1-Cys-Cys-His-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-Gly-Lys-His-Xaa5-Ser-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:378) Name: G1.5 Species: geographus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTGGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCTTCC CTTCAGAACGTGCATCTGATGGCAGGGATGACACAGCCAAAGACGAAGGGTCTGAC ATGGAGAAATTGGTCGAGAAAAAAGAATGTTGCAATCCTGCCTGTGGCAGACACTT CAGTTGTGGACGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:379) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSFPSERASDGRDDTAKDEGSDMEKLVEKKECCNPACGRHFSCG R (SEQ ID NO:380) Toxin Sequence: Xaa1-Cys-Cys-Asn-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-Gly-Arg-His-Phe-Ser-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:381) Name: S1.8 Species: striatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCTTCA CTTCAGATCGTGCATCTGATGGCAGGGATGACGAAGCCAAAGACGAAAGGTCTGAC ATGCACGAATCGGACCGGAAAGGACGCGCATACTGTTGCCATCCTGCCTGTGGCCC AAACTATAGTTGTGGCACCTCATGCTGGAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:382) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSFTSDRASDGRDDEAKDERSDMHESDRKGRAYCCHPACGPNYS CGTSCSRTL (SEQ ID NO:383) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Xaa5-Cys-Cys-His-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-Gly-Xaa3-Asn-Xaa5-Ser-Cys-Gly-Thr-Ser-Cys-Ser-Arg- Thr-Leu-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:384) Name: S1.9 Species: striatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCTTCA CTTCAGATCGTGCATCTGATGGCAGGGATGACGAAGCCAAAGACGAAAGGTCTGAC ATGCACGAATCGGACGGGAAAGGACGCGCATACTGTTGCCATCCTGTCTGTGGCAA AAACTTTGATTGTGGACGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:385) Translation: METVFLLVVLATTVVSFTSDRASDGRDDEAKDERSDMHESDRKGRAYCCHPVCGKNF DCGR (SEQ ID NO:386) Toxin Sequence: Ala-Xaa5-Cys-Cys-His-Xaa3-Val-Cys-Gly-Lys-Asn-Phe-Asp-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:387) Name: Ra1.1 Species: rattus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCTTCC CTTCAGATCGTGCATCTGATGGCAGGGATGACGAAGCCAAAGACGAAAGGTCTGAC ATGCACGAATCGGACCGGAATGGACGCGGATGCTGTTGCAATCCTGCCTGTGGCCC AAACTATGGTTGTGGCACCTCATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:388) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSFPSDRASDGRDDEAKDERSDMHESDRNGRGCCCNIPACGPNYG CGTSCSRTL (SEQ ID NO:389) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Cys-Cys-Asn-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-Gly-Xaa3-Asn-Xaa5-Gly-Cys-Gly-Thr-Ser-Cys-Ser-Arg- Thr-Leu-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:390) Name: Ar1.1 Species arenatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCAGCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTGGATTCCTTCA CTCCAGTTCGTACTTCTGTTGGCAGGAGTGCTGCAGCCAACGCGTTTGACCGGATCG CTCTGACCGCCAGGCAAGATTATTGCTGTACCATTCCCAGCTGTTGGGATCGCTATA AAGAGAGATGTAGACACATACGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACGACGACCTTG AG (SEQ ID NO:391) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVDSFTPVRTSVGRSAAANAFDRLALTARQDYCCTIPSCWDRYKERC RHIR (SEQ ID NO:392) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Asp-Xaa5-Cys-Cys-Thr-Ile-Xaa3-Ser-Cys-Xaa4-Asp-Arg-Xaa5-Lys-Xaa1-Arg-Cys-Arg- His-Ile-Arg-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:393) Name: Er1.1 Species eburneus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTGGATTCCTTCA CTTCAGTTCGTACTTCCGTTGGCAGGAGTGCTGCAGCCAACGCGTTTGACCGGATCG CTCTGACCGCGAGGCAAGATTATTGCTGTACCATTCCCAGCTGTTGGGATCGCTATA AAGAGAGATGTAGACACATACGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCG AG (SEQ ID NO:394) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVDSFTSVRTSVGRSAAANAFDRIALTARQDYCCTLPSCWDRYKERC RHIR (SEQ ID NO:395) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Asp-Xaa5-Cys-Cys-Thr-Ile-Xaa3-Ser-Cys-Xaa4-Asp-Arg-Xaa5-Lys-Xaa1-Arg-Cys-Arg- His-Ile-Arg-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:396) Name: Mi1.2 Species miles Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACTGCTGTTCTTCCAGTCA CTTTAGATCGTGCATCTGATGGAAGGAATGCAGCAGCCAACGCCAAAACGCCTGGG CTGATCGCGCCATTCATCAGGGATTATTGCTGTCATAGAGGTCGCTGTATGGTATGG TGTGGTTGAAGCCGCTGCTGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACGACGACGTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:397) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATAVLPVTLDRASDGRNAAANAKTPRLIAPFIRDYCCHRGPCMVWCG (SEQ ID NO:398) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Xaa5-Cys-Cys-His-Arg-Gly-Xaa3-Cys-Met-Val-Xaa4-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:399) Name: Jp1.1 Species: jaspedius Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCAACT CTTCAGATCGTGGTCCAGCATCTAATAAAAGGAAGAATGCCGCAATGCTTGACATG ATCGCTCAACACGCCATAAGGGGTTGCTGTTCCGATCCTCGCTGTAGATATAGATGT CGTTGAAGACGCTGCTGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:400) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSNSSDRGPASNKRKNAAMLDMIAQHALRGCCSDPRCRYRCR (SEQ ID NO:401) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Cys-Ser-Asp-Xaa3-Arg-Cys-Arg-Xaa5-Arg-Cys-Arg-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:402) Name: a-OmIA Species: omaria Isolated: Yes Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Cys-Ser-His-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-Asn-Val-Asn-Asn-Xaa3-His-Ile-Cys-Gly-# (SEQ ID NO:403) Name: a-OmIA [COOH] Species: omaria Cloned: No Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Cys-Ser-His-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-Asn-Val-Asn-Asn-Xaa3-His-Ile-Cys-Gly-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:404) Name: Qc1.1 Species: quercinus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCACTTCAGATC GTGTATCTAATGGCAGGAAAGCTGCAGCCAAATTCAAAGCGCCTGCCCTGATGGAG CTGTCCGTCAGGCAAGGATGCTGTTCAGATCCTGCCTGTGCCGTGAGCAATCCAGAC ATCTGTGGCGGAGGACGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:405) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVTSDRVSNGRKAAAKFKAPALMELSVRQGCCSDPACAVSNPDICG GGR (SEQ ID NO:406) Toxin Sequence: Xaa2-Gly-Cys-Cys-Ser-Asp-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-Ala-Val-Ser-Asn-Xaa3-Asp-Ile-Cys-Gly-Gly-# (SEQ ID NO:407) Name: Bn1.6 Species: bandanus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTTGTTTCCTTCA CTTCAAATCGTGCATTTCGTCGTAGGAATGCCGTAGCCAAAGCGTCTGACCTGATCG CTCTGAACGCCAGGAGACCAGAATGCTGTACTCATCCTGCCTGTCACGTGAGTCATC CAGAACTCTGTGGTTGAAGACGCTGACGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCG AG (SEQ ID NO:408) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSFTSNRAFRRRNAVAKASDLIALNARRPECCTHPACHVSHPELC G (SEQ ID NO:409) Toxin Sequence: Xaa3-Xaa1-Cys-Cys-Thr-His-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-His-Val-Ser-His-Xaa3-Xaa1-Leu-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:410) Name: Mr1.5 Species: marmoreus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATGCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTTGTTCCTTCA CTTCAAATCGTGTTCTGGATCCAGCATTTCGTCGTAGGAATGCCGCAGCCAAAGCGT CTGACCTGATCGCTCTGAACGCCAGGAGACCAGAATGCTGTACTCATCCTGCCTGTC ACGTGAGTAATCCAGAACTCTGTGGCTGAAGACGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGA ACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:411) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSFTSNRVLDPAFRRRNAAAKASDLIALNARRPECCTHPACHVSN PELCG (SEQ ID NO:412) Toxin Sequence: Xaa3-Xaa1-Cys-Cys-Thr-His-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-His-Val-Ser-Asn-Xaa3-Xaa1-Leu-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:413) Name: Mi1.1 Species: miles Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTIGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCGTCA CTTCATATCGTGCATCTCATGGCAGGAAGGACGCAGCCGACCTGAGCGCTCTGAAC GACAACAATAATTGCTGTAACCATCCTGCCTGTGCCGGGAAAAATTCAGATCTTTGT GGTTGAAGAGGCTGCTGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:414) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSVTSYRASHGRKDAADLSALNDNNNCCNHPACAGKNSDLCG (SEQ ID NO:415) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Cys-Asn-His-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-Ala-Gly-Lys-Asn-Ser-Asp-Leu-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:416) Name: MII[YHT] Species: magus Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Cys-Xaa5-His-Xaa3-Thr-Cys-His-Leu-Xaa1-His-Ser-Asn-Leu-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:417) Name: Nb1.1 Species: nobilis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTTGTTTCCTTCA CTTCAGATCGTGCATCTGATGGCAGGAATGCCGCAGCCAAAGCTTCTGACCTGATTG CTTTGACCGTCAGGGGATGCTGTGAGCGACCTCCCTGTCGCTGGCAAAATCCAGATC TTTGTGGTGGAAGGCGCTGANATTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:418) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSFTSDRASDGRNAAAKASDLIALTVRGCCERPPCRWQNPDLCG GRR (SEQ ID NO:419) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Cys-Xaa1-Arg-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Arg-Xaa4-Gln-Asn-Xaa3-Asp-Leu-Cys-Gly-# (SEQ ID NO:420) Name: Ak1.1 Species: atlanticus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACAGTCGTTTCCTTCA CTTCAGATAGTGCATTTGATAGCAGGAATGTCGCAGCCAACGACAAAGTGTCTGAC ATGATCGCTCTGACCGCCAGGAGAACATGCTGTTCCCGTCCTACCTGTAGAATGGAA TATCCAGAACTTTGTGGTGGAAGACGCTGATACTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGAC CTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:421) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSFTSDSAFDSRNVAANDKVSDMIALTARRTCCSRPTCRMEYPEL CGGRR (SEQ ID NO:422) Toxin Sequence: Thr-Cys-Cys-Ser-Arg-Xaa3-Thr-Cys-Arg-Met-Xaa1-Xaa5-Xaa3-Xaa1-Leu-Cys-Gly-# (SEQ ID NO:423) Name: Qc1.2 Species: quercinus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAATCACGGTGGTTTCCTTCA CCTCAGATCATGCATCTGATGGCAGGAATACCGCAGCCAACGACAAAGCGTCTAAA CTGATGGCTCTTACGAACGAATGCTGTGACAATCCTCCGTGCAAGTCGAGTAATCCA GATTTGTGTGACTGGAGAAGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTNTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:424) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLAITVVSFTSDHASDGRNTAANDKASKLMALTNECCDNPPCKSSNPDLCD WRS (SEQ ID NO:425) Toxin Sequence: Asn-Xaa1-Cys-Cys-Asp-Asn-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Lys-Ser-Ser-Asn-Xaa3-Asp-Leu-Cys-Asp-Xaa4- Arg-Ser-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:426) Name: Lp1.1 Species: leopardus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACGGTCGTTTGCCTCA CTTTAGATCGTGCATCTGGTGGCAGGAGATCTGGAGCCGACAACATGATTGCTCTTC TGATCATCAGAAAATGCTGTTCCAATCCCGCCTGTAACAGGTATAATCCAGCAATTT GTGATTGAAGACGCTAATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:427) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSLTLDRASGGRRSGADNMIALLIIRKCCSNPACNRYNPAICD (SEQ ID NO:428) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Cys-Ser-Asn-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-Asn-Arg-Xaa5-Asn-Xaa3-Ala-Ile-Cys-Asp-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:429) Name: Em1.1 Species: emaciatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTCTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCACTTTACATC GTGCATCTAATGGCAGGAATGCCGCAGCCAGCAGGAAAGCGTCTGCCCTGATCGGT CAGATCGCCGGTAGAGACTGCTGTAACTTTCCTGCTTGTGCCGCGAGTAATCCAGGC CTTTGTACTTGAAGACGCTGCTGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:430) Translation: METVFLLVLLATTVTLHRASNGRNAAASRKASALLAQIAGRDCCNFPACAASNPGLCT (SEQ ID NO:431) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Cys-Cys-Asn-Phe-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-Ala-Ala-Ser-Asn-Xaa3-Gly-Leu-Cys-Thr-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:432) Name: C. victor alpha Species: victor Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACCATCGTTTCCTCCA CTTTAGATCGTGCATCTGATGGCATGAATGCTGCAGCGTCTGACCTGATCGCTCTGA GCATCAGGAGATGCTGTTCTTCTCCTCCCTGTTTCGCGAGTAATCCAGCTTGTGGTA GACGACGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:433) Translation: METVFLLVVLATTIVSSTLDRASDGMNAAASDLLALSIRRCCSSPPCFASNPACGRRR (SEQ ID NO:434) Toxin Sequence: Cys-Cys-Ser-Ser-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Phe-Ala-Ser-Asn-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:435) Name: Cj1.1 Species: cinereus gubba Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCCTGGCAACCACTATCGTTTCCTCCA CTTCAGGTCATGCATTTTGATGGCAGGAATGCTGCAGCCGACTACAAAGGGTCTGAA TTGCTTGCTATGACCGTCAGGGGAGGATGCTGTTCCTTTCCTCCCTGTATCGCAAAT AATCCTTTTTGTGCTGGAAGACGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCG AG (SEQ ID NO:436) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTIVSSTSGHAFDGRNAAADYKGSELLAMTVRGGCCSFPPCIANNPFC AGRR (SEQ ID NO:437) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Gly-Cys-Cys-Ser-Phe-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Ile-Ala-Asn-Asn-Xaa3-Phe-Cys-Ala-# (SEQ ID NO:438) Name: Fd1.1 Species: flavidus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTCGCATCCTCTGTCACTTTAGATC GTGCATCTCATGGCAGGTATATCCCAGTCGTCGACAGAGCGTCTGCCCTGATGGCTC AGGCCGACCTTAGAGGTTGCTGTTCCAATCCTCCTTGTTCCTATCTTAATCCAGCCTG TGGTTAAAGACGCTGCCGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:439) Translation: MFTVFLLVVFASSVTLDRASHGRYTPVVDRASALMAQADLRGCCSNPPCSYLNPAGG (SEQ ID NO:440) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Cys-Ser-Asn-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Ser-Xaa5-Leu-Asn-Xaa3-Ala-Cys-# (SEQ ID NO:441) Name: Em1.2 Species emaciatus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCAGCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTCGCATCCTCTGTCACTTTAGATC GTGCATCTCATGGCAGGTATGCCGCAGTCGTCAACAGAGCGTCTGCCCTGATGGCTC ATGCCGCCCTTCGAGATTGCTGTTCCGATCCTCCTTGTGCTCATAATAATCCAGACT GTCGTTAAAGACGCTGCTGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:442) Translation: MFTVFLLVVEASSVTLDRASHGRYAAVVNRASALMAHAALRDCCSDPPCAHNNPDCR (SEQ ID NO:443) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Cys-Cys-Ser-Asp-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Ala-His-Asn-Asn-Xaa3-Asp-Cys-Arg-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:444) Name: Ge1.1 Species generalis Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACTACTGTCGTTTCCTTCA CTTCAGATCGTGGGTCTGATGGCAGGAATGCCGCAGCCAAGGACAAAGCGTCTGAC CTGGTCGCTCTGACCGTCAAGGGATGCTGTTCTAATCCTCCCTGTTACGCGAATAAT CAAGCCTATTGTAATGGAAGACGCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTC GAG (SEQ ID NO:445) Translation: MFTVFELLVVLATTVVSFTSDRGSDGRNAAAKDKASDLVALTVKGCCSNPPCYANNQA YCNGRR (SEQ ID NO:446) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Cys-Ser-Asn-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Xaa5-Ala-Asn-Asn-Gln-Ala-Xaa5-Cys-Asn-# (SEQ ID NO:447) Name: Wi1.1 Species: wittigi Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCCTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCCCCA CTAGAGATCGTGCATCTGGTGTCAGGAATGTTGTTGCAACAAGCTTTCAGACTCTGA CCCACGATGAATGCTGTGCACACCCTTCCTGTTGGAAGGCCGAAGACCTGATTTGTA CTAATCAACGTCGCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:448) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSPTRDRASGVRNVVATSFQTLTHDECCAHPSCWKAEDLICTNQ RRRTL (SEQ ID NO:449) Toxin Sequence: Asp-Xaa1-Cys-Cys-Ala-His-Xaa3-Ser-Cys-Xaa4-Lys-Ala-Xaa1-Asp-Leu-Ile-Cys-Thr-Asn-Gln- Arg-Arg-Arg-Thr-Leu-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:450) Name: Ca1.5 Species caracteristicus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: GGATCCATGTTCACCGTGTTTCTGTTGGTTGTCTTGGCAACCACTGTCGTTTCCTTCA CTTCAGATCGTGCGTCTGAAGGCAGGAATGCTGCAGCCAAGGACAAAGCGTCTGAC CTGGTGGCTCTGAGAGTCAGGGGATGCTGTGCCATTCGTGAATGTCGCTTGCAGAAT GCAGCGTATTGTGGTGGAATATCCTGATGCTCCAGGACCCTCTGAACCACGACCTCG AG (SEQ ID NO:451) Translation: MFTVFLLVVLATTVVSFTSDRASEGRNAAAKDKASDLVALRVRGCCAIRECRLQNAAY CGGIS (SEQ ID NO:452) Toxin Sequence: Gly-Cys-Cys-Ala-Ile-Arg-Xaa1-Cys-Arg-Leu-Gln-Asn-Ala-Ala-Xaa5-Cys-Gly-Gly-Ile-Ser-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:453) Name: Bt1.10 Species betulinus Cloned: Yes DNA Sequence: AGTAATTNATATANNAGAAAGNAANANAAAANNATANAGAATTTAAGTAATNTAA GAANNGAGANAGTGAATAGNAGNTAAGTAGANNAAGANAGGTAGANAGNANANG NGGANGNTAGNTAATAGATANNNTATNGAGANATTANTAGCNGTATANANAAGAA AAGAGGGNAANNGAAATGNNGNAANNATAANTANTANNGATNGANNNGNAAGTG NNAAGNGTANAAGGAANAACAAANTNGTTGTNTAATNTGNNTGNGTGTGTNTGTGT GNGTGTGTGTGTGTGNGTGNGTGTGTNTGTGNGNNTGTGTGNGNGNGNGNGTGTGT GTGTGNGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGNGTGTGTGGTTCTGGA TCCAGCATCTGGTGGCAGGAAGGCTGCAGCCAAAGCGTCTAACCGGATCGCTCTGA CCGTCAGGAGTGCAACATGCTGTTATTATCCTCCCTGTTACGAGGCTTATCCAGAAA GTTGTCTGTAACGTGAATCATCCAGACCTTTGTGGCTGAAGACCCTGATGCTCCAGG GGCAAGTTCAA (SEQ ID NO:454) Translation: SGGRKAAAKASNRIALTVRSATCCYYPPCYEAYPESCL (SEQ ID NO:455) Toxin Sequence: Ser-Ala-Thr-Cys-Cys-Xaa5-Xaa5-Xaa3-Xaa3-Cys-Xaa5-Xaa1-Ala-Xaa5-Xaa3-Xaa1-Ser-Cys- Leu-{circumflex over ( )} (SEQ ID NO:456) Where: Xaa1 is Glu or γ-carboxy-Glu Xaa2 is Gln or pyro-Glu Xaa3 is Pro or hydroxy-Pro Xaa4 is Trp (D or L) or bromo-Trp (D or L) Xaa5 is Tyr, ¹²⁵I-Tyr, mono-iodo-Tyr, di-iodo-Tyr, O-sulpho-Tyr or O-phospho-Tyr {circumflex over ( )}is free carboxyl or amidated C-terminus, preferably free carboxyl #is free carboxyl or amidated C-terminus, preferably amidated ?is free carboxyl or amidated C-terminus

TABLE 2 Alignment of γ-Conopeptides¹ (SEQ ID NO:) 4/43 SNX -------DCRGYDAPCSSGAPCCDWWTCSARTNRCF{circumflex over ( )} (457) Af6.1    GMW---GDCKDGLTTCFAPSECCSE-DC-E-GS-CTMW{circumflex over ( )} (458) Af6.2    ---WREGSCTSWLATCTQDQQCCTD-VCYKRDY-CALWDDR{circumflex over ( )} (459) Af6.3    ----N---CSDDWQYCESPSDCCSW-DC-D-VV-CS# (460) Af6.4    --WWRWGGCMAWFGKCSKDSECCSN-SC-DITR-CELMRFPPDW{circumflex over ( )} (461) Af6.5    -------DCRGYDAPCSSGAPCCDWWTCSARTGRCF{circumflex over ( )} (462) Af6.6    ---L----CPDYTEPCSHAHECCSW-NC-HNGH-CT# (463) Af6.7    --------CSSWAKYCEVDSECCSE-QC-VRSY-CAMW{circumflex over ( )} (464) g-PnVIIA    -------DCTSWFGRCTVNSXCCSN-SC-DQTY-CXLYAFOS{circumflex over ( )}² (465) Gm6.7    -------ECRAWYAPCSPGAQCCSLLMCSKATSRCILAL{circumflex over ( )}² (466) J010    --------CKTYSKYCXADSXCCTX-QC-VRSY-CTLF#² (467) Mr6.1    ----N-GQCEDVWMPCTSNWXCCSL-DC-E-MY-CTQI#² (468) Mr6.2    --------CGGWSTYCEVDEXCCSE-SC-VRSY-CTLF#² (469) Mr6.3    ----N-GGCKATWMSCSSGWXCCSM-SC-D-MY-C#² (470) R6.10    --UFGHXXCTYULGPCXVDDTCCSA-SC-XSKF-CGLU{circumflex over ( )} (471) R6.9    --WWE-GECSNWLGSCSTPSNCCLK-SC-N-GH-CTLW{circumflex over ( )} (472) Tx6.1    ---L----CODYTXOCSHAHXCCSW-NC-YNGH-CT#² (473) Tx6.14    -------DCYSWLGSCIAPSQCCSE-VC-D-YY-CRLWR{circumflex over ( )} (474) Tx6.4    --WL---ECSVWFSHCTKDSXCCSN-SC-DQTY-CTLMPPDW{circumflex over ( )}² (475) Tx6.5    GMW---GECKDGLTTCLAPSXCCSE-DC-E-GS-CTMW{circumflex over ( )}² (476) Tx6.6    D-WWD-DGCSV-WGPCTVNAXCCSG-DC-H-ET-CIFGWEV{circumflex over ( )}² (477) Tx6.9    --WWRWGGCMAWFGLCSRDSXCCSN-SC-DVTR-CELMPFPPDE{circumflex over ( )}² (478) TxVIIA    --------CGGYSTYCXVDSXCCSD-NC-VRSY-CTLF# (479) ¹The E may be Glu or Gla, the P may be Pro or hydroxy-Pro, and W may be Trp or bromo-Trp. ²Peptide disclosed in U.S. Serial No. 09/210,952 (PCT/US9B/26792).

TABLE 3 Alignment of σ-Conopeptides (SEQ ID NO:) Ca8.1    GCS-GT-CHRREDGKC-RGTCDCSG-YSYCRCG-DAHHFYRGCTCSCQ# (480) Ca8.2    GCSG-T-CHRREDGKC-RGTCDCSG-YSYCRCG-DAHHFYRGCTCTC{circumflex over ( )} (481) Ca8.3    GCSG-T-CRRHRDGKC-RGTCDCSG-YSYCRCG-DAHHFYRGCTCTC{circumflex over ( )} (482) Ca8.4    GCSG-T-CRRHRDGKC-RGTCDCSG-YSYCRCG-DAHHFYRGCTCTC{circumflex over ( )} (483) Ca8.5    GCSG-T-CHRREDGKC-RGTCDCSG-YSYCRCG-DAHHFYRGCTCTC{circumflex over ( )} (484) Ca8.6    GCSG-T-CHRRQNGEC-QGTCDCDG-HDHCDCG-DTLGTYSGCVCIC{circumflex over ( )} (485) La8.1    QSE--TACRSLGSYQCM-GKCQ-LGVHSWCECIYNRGSQKSGCACRCQK{circumflex over ( )} (486) Mn8.1    QCTLVNNCDRNGERACN-GDCSCEGQI--CKCGYRVSPGKSGCACTCRNAK{circumflex over ( )} (487) P8.1    GCS-GSPCFKNKT--C-RDECICGG-LSNCWCGY-GGS--RGCKCTCRE{circumflex over ( )} (488) R8.1    KCNF-DKCKGTGVYNCG-ESCSCEGLHS-CRCTYNIGSMKSGCACICTYY{circumflex over ( )} (489) R8.2 YGLGCA-GT-CGSSSN--CVRDYCDC-P-KPNCYCT-GKGFRQPGCGCSCL# (490) Sx8.1    QCTFVNNCQQNG--CAN-GDCSCGDQI--CKCGYRISPGRSGCACTCRNAK{circumflex over ( )} (491) T8.1 FGPIC---T-CFKSQN--C-RGSCECMS-PPGCYCS-NNGIRERGCSCTCPGT# (492) T8.2    GCT--GNCDW----TCS-GDCSCQGTSDSCRCIPPKSIGNR-CRCQCKRKIEID{circumflex over ( )} (493)

TABLE 4 Alignment of τ-Conopeptides (SEQ ID NO:) Tx5.2a ---ECCEDGW-CCTAAPLT#¹ (494) Tx5.2b ---GCCEDGW-CCTAAPLT#¹ (495) Mr5.1 --NGCC-RAGDCCSRFEIKENDF#¹ (496) Mr5.3 --NGCC-RAGDCCS{circumflex over ( )}¹ (497) Mr5.2 --NACC-IVRQCC{circumflex over ( )}¹ (498) Qc5.1 ---GCCAR-LTCCV#¹ (499) Qc5.2 ---GCCAM-LTCCV#¹ (500) t-PVA ---GCCPKQMRCCTL#¹ (501) Ca5.1 ----CCPRRLACCII#¹ (502) Ca5.2 ----CCPNK-PCCFI#¹ (503) G5.1 -ZGWCCKENIACCI{circumflex over ( )}¹ (504) G5.2 -ZGWCCKENTACCV{circumflex over ( )}¹ (505) Im5.1 DWNSCCGKNPGCCPW#¹ (506) Bt5.1 ---NCCPDSPPCCH{circumflex over ( )} (507) Af5.2 --GNCCEFWEFCCD{circumflex over ( )} (508) Da5.1 ----CCEYWKLCC# (509) Om5.1 ---VCCGYKFFCCR{circumflex over ( )} (510) t-AuVA ---FCCPVTRYCCWA{circumflex over ( )}¹ (511) t-AuVB ---FCCPFIRYCCWA{circumflex over ( )}¹ (512) Au5.1 ----CCPMIYWCCS{circumflex over ( )} (513) Au5.4 ----CCPEIYWCCS{circumflex over ( )} (514) Nb5.1 ---ICCPIILWCC# (515) Af5.1 ----CCPPVIWCC# (516) Tx5.1 ----CCQTPYWCCVQ#¹ (517) Au5.3 WNNYCCTNELWCC# (518) Gm5.1 ---LCCVTEDWCCEWW{circumflex over ( )}¹ (519) Gm5.2 ---VCCRPVQDCCS#¹ (520) Da5.2 -PVNCCPIDQSCCS{circumflex over ( )} (521) Sf5.1 GNIHCCTKYQPCCSSPS{circumflex over ( )} (522) ¹ Peptide disclosed in U.S. Serial No. 09/497,491 (PCT/US00/03021).

TABLE 5 Alignment of Mar-Type Conopeptides¹ (SEQ ID NO:) Tx1.6 (Q819) -ZTCCGYRMCVPC# (523) Bn1.5 (Q818) -A-CCGYKLCSPC{circumflex over ( )} (524) Pn1.3 (Q820) -STCCGFKMCIPCR{circumflex over ( )} (525) Pn1.5 (AA200) -STCCGFKMCIPCS{circumflex over ( )} (526) Pn1.7 (AA456) -STCCGFKMCIPC# (527) Ep1.5 (AA457) -STCCGYRMCVPC# (528) Mr1.3 NGVCCGYKLCLPC{circumflex over ( )} (529) Pn1.6 (AA390) --LCCGFWMCIPCN{circumflex over ( )} (530) Mr1.1 NGVCCGYKLCHOC{circumflex over ( )} (531) Mr1.2 -GVCCGYKLCHOC{circumflex over ( )} (532) Bn1.5 --ACCGYKLCSPC{circumflex over ( )} (533) Au1.4 -SVCCGYKLCFPC# (534) Tx1.7 NGVCCGYRMCVPC# (535) Tx1.6 -ZTCCGYRMCVPC# (536) Af1.3 -ZACCGFKMCVPC# (537) Pn1.3 -STCCGFKMCIPCR{circumflex over ( )} (538) Pn1.4 NGVCCGFWMCIPCN{circumflex over ( )} (539) Om1.7 -DVCCYVRMC-PCR{circumflex over ( )} (540) ¹Some peptides disclosed in U.S. Serial No. 09/580,201. P may also be O and O may also be P.

TABLE 6 Alignment of Contryphans* (SEQ ID NO:) Contryphan-Im Z--C-GQAWC# (541) Contryphan-Sm-dW4, V7   GCOWQPVC# (542) Contryphan-Ar-1 ZYGCOOGLWCH{circumflex over ( )}(543) C. arenatus contryphan 1A ASGCPWRPWC# (544) C. arenatus contryphan 2 ZYGCPVGLWCD{circumflex over ( )}(545) C. arenatus contryphan 4  SGCPWQPWC# (546) C. arenatus contryphan 1  SGCPWHPWC# (547) *P may be Pro or hydroxy-Pro; z may be Gln or pyro-Glu.

TABLE 7 Alignment of αA-Conopeptides* (SEQ ID NO:) αA-EIVB  GCCGKYONAACHOCGCTVGROOYCDROSGG# (548) P4.1  GCCGSYPNAACHPCGCK-DRPSYCGQ# (549) P4.2 EGCC---SNPACHPCGCK-DRPSYCGQ# (550) *P may be Pro or hydroxy-Pro

TABLE 8 Alignment of Bromosleeper Conopeptides* (SEQ ID NO:) Bromosleeper-Ar1 VVTEACEESCEEEEKHCCHVNNGVPSCAVICW# (551) Bromosleeper-Ar1A IVTEACEESCEDEEKHCCHVNNGVPSCAVICW# (552) Bromosleeper-Ar2 IVTEACEEHCEDEEQFCCGLENGQPFCAPVCF# (553) Bromosleeper-Ar3 VVTGACEEHCEDEEKHCCGLENGQPFCARLCL# (554) Bromosleeper-Di1 NVDQECIDACQLEDKNCCGRTDGEPRCAKICL# (555) Bromosleeper-Di2 ETDQECIDICKQEDKKCCGRSNGEPTCAKTCL# (556) Bromosleeper-Di3 ETDQECIDTCEQEDKKCCGRTNGEPVCAKICF# (557) Bromosleeper-P1 PKTEACEEVCELEEKHCCCIRSDGPKCSRKCLLSIFC{circumflex over ( )} (558) Bromosleeper-P2 VVSEECKKYCKKQNKNCCSSKHEEPRCAKICF# (559) Bromosleeper-Sn AVTEACTEDCKTQDKKCCGEMNGQHTCAKICL# (560) Bromosleeper-T1 PKTKECERYCELEEKHCCCIRSNGPKCSRICIFKFWC{circumflex over ( )} (561) Bromosleeper-T2 PKTRECEMQCEQEEKHCCRVRDGTGQCAPKCLGINW{circumflex over ( )} (562) *The E may be Glu or Gla, the P may be Pro or hydroxy-Pro, and W may be Trp or bromo-Trp.

TABLE 9 Alignment of Conopressins (SEQ ID NO:) Conopressin-G CFIRNCPKG# (563) Conopressin-S CIIRNCPRG# (564)

TABLE 10 Alignment of O-Superfamily (SEQ ID NO:) Ar6.1 -----GCTPPGGVCGYHGH---CCD-F-C---DTFGNLCVS# (565) C. geogr. GS-A -----ACSGRGSRCPPQ-----CCMGLTC--GREYPPRC# (566) Ca6.3 (F166) -----NCGEQGEGCAT--RP--CCSGLSC-VGSRPGGLCQY# (567) convulsion -----NCPY----CVVY-----CCPPAYCEASG-----CRPP# (568) De6.1 -----ACKOKNNLCAITXMAX-CCSGF-CLIY-----RC{circumflex over ( )} (569) Lv6.2 (I16) -----SCGHSGAGCYT--RP--CCPGLHC-SGGQAGGLCV{circumflex over ( )} (570) Lv6.3 (I12) -----DCGESGQGCYSV-RP--CCPGLICKGTG-GGGLCRPSGI{circumflex over ( )} (571) Mf6.1 (F204)       -----CTPPGGLC-YHAYP--CCSKT-C---NLDTSQCEPRWS{circumflex over ( )} (572) Mi6.2 (F162)       -----CTDDSQFCNPSNHD--CCSG-KCIDEGDNG-ICAIVPENS{circumflex over ( )} (573) Mi6.3 (F161)       -----CTEDSQFCNPSNHD--CCSG-KCIDEGDNG-ICAIVPENS{circumflex over ( )} (574) Pu6.1 (JG14)       -----CSDFGSDCVPATHN--CCSG-ECFGFEDFG-LCT{circumflex over ( )} (575) Qc6.4 (F025)       ----ACSQVGEACFPQ-KP--CCPGFLC--NH-IGGMCHH{circumflex over ( )} (576) S6.4       ------CLPDGTSCLFSRIR--CCGT--C---SSILKSCVS{circumflex over ( )} (577) Ts6.3 (F081)       -----SCAEFGEVC-SS-TA--CCPDLDCVEAYSP--ICLWE{circumflex over ( )} (578) Tx6.3       -----KCVEQWKYCTR---ESLCCAGL-CLFS-----FCIL{circumflex over ( )} (579) Tx6.7       ------CVEQWEVCGIILFSSSCCGQL-CLFG-----FCVL{circumflex over ( )} (580) Vr6.1 (F198)       -----DCGGQGEGCYT--QP--CCPGLRCRGGGTGGGVCQL{circumflex over ( )} (581) Wi6.1 (M406)       FGSFIPCARLGEPC-----T-ICCRPLRCRESG--TPTCQV{circumflex over ( )} (582) Rg6.6 (K861)       -----TCLEHNKLCWYD---RDCCTIY-C---N--ENKCGVKPQ{circumflex over ( )} (583) EST202       -----ACKSNYDCPQRFKCCSYTWNGSSGYCKRVCYLYR{circumflex over ( )} (584)

TABLE 11 Alignment of ψ-Conopeptides* (SEQ ID NO:) ψ-PIIIF GOOCCLYGSCROFOGCYNALCCRK# (585) U021 homolog HPPCCMYGRCRRYPGCSSASCCQG# (586) *P may be Pro or hydroxy-Pro

TABLE 12 Alignment of kappaA-Conopeptides* (SEQ ID NO:) Cn10.3 (J454) APELVVTATTTCCGYDPMTICPPCMCTHSCPPKRKP#(587) A10.2 (H350) ZSWLVPSTITTCCGYDPGTMCPPCRCNNTCKPKKPKPGK#(588) Cn10.4 (G851) APELVVTATTTCCGYDPMTWCPSCMCTYSCPHQRKKP#(589) M10.3 (X003) APELVVTATTTCCGYDPMTICPPCMCTHSCPPKGKP#(590) A10.3 (AA400) ZKWLVHSKITYCCGYNKMDMCPPCMCTYSCPPLKKKRP#(591) A10.4 (AA401) APWTVVTATTNCCGITGPG-CLPCRCTQTC#(592)

TABLE 13 Alignment of α-Conopeptides (SEQ ID NO:) G1.4 -ECCHPACGKHYSC# (593) G1.5 -ECCNPACGRHFSC# (594) S1.8 AYCCHPACGPNYSCGTSCSRTL{circumflex over ( )} (595) S1.9 AYCCHPVCGKNFDC# (596) Ra1.1 GCCCNPACGPNYGCGTSCSRTL{circumflex over ( )} (597) Ar1.1 ZDYCCTIPSCWDRYKERCRHTR{circumflex over ( )} (598) Er1.1 ZDYCCTIPSCWDRYKERCRHIR{circumflex over ( )} (599) Mi1.2 -DYCCHRGPCMVW----C# (600) Jp1.1 --GCCSDPRC--RYR--CR{circumflex over ( )} (601) a-OmIA --GCCSHPACNVNNPHICG#(602) a-OmIA [COOH] --GCCSHPACNVNNPHICG{circumflex over ( )} (603) Qc1.1 Z-GCCSDPACAVSNPDICGG# (604) Bn1.6 PE-CCTHPACHVSHPELC# (605) Mr1.5 PE-CCTHPACHVSNPELC# (606) Mi1.1 ---CCNHPACAGKNSDLC# (607) MII [YHT] --GCCYHPTCHLEHSNLC# (608) Nb1.1 --GCCERPPCRWQNPDLCG# (609) Ak1.1 --TCCSRPTCRNEYPELCG# (610) Qc1.2 NE-CCDNPPCKSSNPDLCDWRS{circumflex over ( )} (611) Lp1.1 ---CCSNPACNRYNPAICD{circumflex over ( )} (612) Em1.1 -D-CCNFPACAASNPGLCT{circumflex over ( )} (613) C. victor alpha ---CCSSPPCFASNPA-C# (614) cj1.1 -GGCCSFPPCIANNPF-CA# (615) Fd1.1 --GCCSNPPCSYLNPA-C# (616) Em1.2 -D-CCSDPPCAHNNPD-CR{circumflex over ( )} (617) Ge1.1 --GCCSNPPCYANNQAYCN# (618) Wi1.1 DE-CCAHPSCWKAEDLICTNQRRRTL{circumflex over ( )} (619) Ca1.5 --GCCATRECRLQNAAYCGGIS{circumflex over ( )} (620) Bt1.10 SATCCYYPPCYEAYPESCL{circumflex over ( )} (621)

TABLE 14 Alignment of Conopeptides* (SEQ ID NO:) Convulsant VYXTHP{circumflex over ( )} (622) WG002 WSWRMGNGDRRSDQ{circumflex over ( )} (623) QcII DCQPCGHNVCC{circumflex over ( )} (624) Scratching, KFLSGGFKXIVCHRYCAKGIAKEFCNCPD# (625) Convulsion MAG-1 RPKNSW{circumflex over ( )} (626) MAG-2 AROKNSW? (627) MAG-3 ROKNSW{circumflex over ( )} (628) EST 66 CCPSSKEDSLNCIETMATTATCMKSNKGEIYSYACGYCGKKKESCFG DKKPVTDYQCQTRNIPNPCGGAAL{circumflex over ( )} (629) G12.2 DESKCDRCNCAELRSSRCTQAIFCLTPELCTPSISCPTGECRCTKFH QSRCTRFVECVPNKCRDA{circumflex over ( )} (630) G12.1 DDSYCDGCLCTILKKETCTSTMSCRGT-CRKEWPCWEEDCYCTEIQG GACVTPSECKPGEC{circumflex over ( )} (631) EST171 GCVYEGIEYSVGETYQADCNTCRCDGFDLATCTVAGCTGFGPE{circumflex over ( )} (632) U010 homolog SGPADCCRMKECCTDRVNECLQRYSGREDKFVSFCYQEATVTCGSFN EIVGCCYGYQMCMIRVVKPNSLSGAHEACKTVSCGNPCA{circumflex over ( )} (633) P29 DCCGVKLEMCHPCLCDNSCKNYGK# (634) EST87 GEPIPTTVINYGECCKDPSCWVKVKDFQCPGASPPN{circumflex over ( )} (635) Ge3.1 (F590) QCCTFCNFGCQPCCVP{circumflex over ( )} (636) Ts10.1 DGCPPHPVPGMHKCMCTNTC (637) Conophysin-R HPTKPCMYCSFGQCVGPHICCGPTGCEMGTAEANMCSEEDEDPIPCQV FGSDCALNNPDNIHGHCVADGICCVDDTCTTHLGCL{circumflex over ( )} (638) *Conopeptides grouped together are homologous.

It will be appreciated that the methods and compositions of the instant invention can be incorporated in the form of a variety of embodiments, only a few of which are disclosed herein. It will be apparent to the artisan that other embodiments exist and do not depart from the spirit of the invention. Thus, the described embodiments are illustrative and should not be construed as restrictive.

LIST OF REFERENCES

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1. An isolated peptide selected from the group consisting of: (a) a peptide set forth in Tables 1-14; and (b) a derivative of the peptide in (a).
 2. The isolated peptide of claim 1, wherein Xaa1 is Glu or γ-carboxy-Glu, Xaa2 is Gln or pyro-Glu, Xaa3 is Pro or hydroxy-Pro, Xaa4 is Trp or bromo-Trp, and Xaa5 is Tyr, ¹²⁵I-Tyr, mono-iodo-Tyr, di-iodo-Tyr, O-sulpho-Tyr or O-phospho-Tyr.
 3. The derivative of the peptide of claim 1, in which the Arg residues may be substituted by Lys, ornithine, homoargine, nor-Lys, N-methyl-Lys, N,N-dimethyl-Lys, N,N,N-trimethyl-Lys or any synthetic basic amino acid; the Lys residues may be substituted by Arg, omithine, homoargine, nor-Lys, or any synthetic basic amino acid; the Tyr residues may be substituted with meta-Tyr, ortho-Tyr, nor-Tyr, mono-halo-Tyr, di-halo-Tyr, O-sulpho-Tyr, O-phospho-Tyr, nitro-Tyr or any synthetic hydroxy containing amino acid; the Ser residues may be substituted with Thr or any synthetic hydroxylated amino acid; the Thr residues may be substituted with Ser or any synthetic hydroxylated amino acid; the Phe residues may be substituted with any synthetic aromatic amino acid; the Trp residues may be substituted with Trp (D), neo-Trp, halo-Trp (D or L) or any aromatic synthetic amino acid; the Asn, Ser, Thr or Hyp residues may be glycosylated; the Tyr residues may also be substituted with the 3-hydroxyl or 2-hydroxyl isomers (meta-Tyr or ortho-Tyr, respectively) and corresponding O-sulpho- and O-phospho-derivatives; the acidic amino acid residues may be substituted with any synthetic acidic amino acid, e.g., tetrazolyl derivatives of Gly and Ala; the aliphatic amino acids may be substituted by synthetic derivatives bearing non-natural aliphatic branched or linear side chains C_(n)H_(2n+2) up to and including n=8; the Leu residues may be substituted with Leu (D); the Glu residues may be substituted with Gla; the Gla residues may be substituted with Glu; the N-terminal Gln residues may be substituted with pyroGlu; the Met residues may be substituted by Nle; the Cys residues may be in D or L configuration and may optionally be substituted with homocysteine (D or L); and pairs of Cys residues may be replaced pairwise with isoteric lactam or ester-thioether replacements, such as Ser/(Glu or Asp), Lys/(Glu or Asp), Cys/(Glu or Asp) or Cys/Ala combinations.
 4. An isolated nucleic acid encoding an conotoxin propeptide having an amino acid sequence set forth in Table
 1. 5. The isolated nucleic acid of claim 4, wherein the nucleic acid comprises a nucleotide sequence set forth in Table
 1. 6. An isolated conotoxin propeptide having an amino acid sequence set forth in Table
 1. 7. A method of alleviating pain in an individual which comprises administering to said individual that is either exhibiting pain or is about to be subjected to a pain-causing event a pain-alleviating amount of an active agent comprising a pain-relieving conotoxin peptide of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 8. A method for treating or preventing disorders associated with a disorder selected from the group consisting of voltage-gated ion channel disorders, ligand-gated ion channel disorders and receptor disorders in an individual which comprises administering to an individual in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a conotoxin peptide of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 9. A method of indenting compounds that mimic the therapeutic activity of a conotoxin, comprising the steps of: (a) conducting a biological assay on a test compound to determine the therapeutic activity; and (b) comparing the results obtained from the biological assay of the test compound to the results obtained from the biological assay of a conotoxin.
 10. A substantially pure conotoxin peptide derivative comprising a permutant of the peptide of claim
 1. 11. A substantially pure conotoxin peptide derivative comprising a permutant of the peptide of claim
 2. 12. Use of a radiolabeled conotoxin peptide of claim 1 for characterization of a new site on the aforementioned receptors or channels and use of these peptide probes for screening and identification of novel small molecules that interact at the aforementioned sites.
 13. The use of claim 12, wherein said receptor or channel is a monoamine transporter.
 14. The use of claim 13, wherein said peptide is selected from the group of peptides set forth in Table
 5. 